The Global Petroglyph Catalog: Stage 1 Survey

This document marks the first stage of an ongoing effort to create a complete, continent-spanning catalog of humanity’s petroglyph heritage. It is not a finished work, but a living reference — a structured foundation for deeper archaeological, cultural, and symbolic research to follow.

The purpose of this compilation is to contribute meaningfully to science and the preservation of global heritage, bridging historical record and public access. All researchers, historians, and enthusiasts are invited to expand, refine, and build upon this foundation with proper citation.

Credit: Phil “Rocko” Williams — Researcher and Compiler of the Global Petroglyph Catalog Project.

All content may be freely used for academic and educational purposes, provided proper attribution is given.

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Location Index

1. North America – United States, Canada, Mexico, Greenland, Bermuda, Caribbean Islands
2. Central America – Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
3. South America – Colombia through Guyana (13 nations)
4. Europe – United Kingdom through Russia (European Region)
5. Near East & Arabian Peninsula – Turkey through Bahrain
6. Africa – Egypt through Madagascar, including Atlantic islands
7. Asia – Russia (Siberia) through Sri Lanka
8. Oceania & Pacific Islands – Australia through Hawaii
9. Polar & Miscellaneous Territories – Antarctica, Arctic Archipelagos

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Petroglyph Catalog

Americas

1.1 North America

Alabama

Martin Petroglyph – Colbert County
Estimated dating: 600–1000 years old
Coordinates: museum-held slab at Tuscumbia (no fixed site coordinates)

Painted Bluff – Marshall County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: approximately 34.7100° N, 86.6000° W

Russell Cave Archaeological Complex – Jackson County
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 34.9830° N, 85.8000° W

19th Unnamed Cave (mud glyphs) – North Alabama
Estimated dating: 660–949 CE
Coordinates: protected private cave (exact location withheld)

Alaska

Afognak Island Rock Carvings – Kodiak Archipelago
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 58.0000° N, −152.7500° W

Cape Alitak Petroglyph District – Kodiak Island
Estimated dating: multi-period, several thousand years of use
Coordinates: 56.8475° N, −154.3011° W

Petroglyph Beach State Historic Park – Wrangell Island
Estimated dating: up to 8,000 years old
Coordinates: 56.4630° N, −132.3760° W

Tongass Forest Petroglyphs – Ketchikan Gateway Borough
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 55.3500° N, −131.6500° W

Two Face Cove Petroglyphs – Juneau Borough
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 58.3000° N, −134.4000° W

Arizona

Betatakin (Navajo National Monument) – Navajo County
Estimated dating: 1250–1300 CE (Ancestral Puebloan)
Coordinates: 36.6730° N, 110.5360° W

Black Mountain Petroglyphs – Pima County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.2500° N, 111.3500° W

Canyon de Chelly National Monument – Apache County
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 36.1500° N, 109.5000° W

Cocoraque Butte Archaeological District – Pima County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.2120° N, 111.3500° W

Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve – Phoenix, Maricopa County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 33.9702° N, 112.2031° W

Honanki Heritage Site – Sedona, Yavapai County
Estimated dating: 1150–1300 CE
Coordinates: 34.8722° N, 111.7600° W

Huerfano Butte – Pinal County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.9500° N, 111.4000° W

Keyhole Sink – Williams, Coconino County
Estimated dating: 700–1100 CE
Coordinates: 35.3300° N, 112.1700° W

Nampaweap (Snake Gulch) – Mohave County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: approximately 36.6500° N, 112.8000° W

Newspaper Rock Petroglyphs Archaeological District – Petrified Forest, Apache County
Estimated dating: 1250–1300 CE
Coordinates: 35.0500° N, 109.8000° W

Northern Avenue Petroglyph Site – Phoenix, Maricopa County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 33.5000° N, 112.1000° W

Painted Rock Petroglyph Site – Gila Bend, Maricopa County
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1400 CE
Coordinates: 33.0170° N, 112.7160° W

Palatki Heritage Site – Sedona, Yavapai County
Estimated dating: 1150–1300 CE
Coordinates: 34.8742° N, 111.7611° W

Petrified Forest National Park – Navajo & Apache Counties
Estimated dating: 1250–1300 CE
Coordinates: 35.0500° N, 109.8000° W

Saguaro National Park – Tucson, Pima County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.2220° N, 111.1660° W

Sears Point Petroglyph Site – Yuma County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 32.8750° N, 113.0650° W

Tumamoc Hill – Tucson, Pima County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.2220° N, 111.1660° W

Tutuveni – Hopi Reservation, Coconino County
Estimated dating: 1500–1900 CE
Coordinates: 36.5272° N, 111.5078° W

V Bar V Heritage Site – Verde Valley, Yavapai County
Estimated dating: 1150–1400 CE
Coordinates: 34.6050° N, 111.9086° W

White Tank Mountain Regional Park – Maricopa County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 33.5660° N, 112.5000° W

Arkansas

Rockhouse Cave (Petit Jean State Park) – Conway County
Estimated dating: 900 – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 35.1280° N, 92.9370° W

California

Aiken’s Wash – San Bernardino County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.3000° N, 116.3830° W

Barker Dam Petroglyph Site – Joshua Tree National Park, San Bernardino County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 34.0400° N, 116.1500° W

Big and Little Petroglyph Canyons – China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station, Inyo County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 35.6500° N, 117.6800° W

Black Mountain Rock Art District – Inyo County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 36.0000° N, 117.8500° W

Chalfant Petroglyph Site – Mono County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 37.5400° N, 118.3400° W

Chumash Indian Museum Rock Art Sites – Thousand Oaks, Ventura County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1700 CE
Coordinates: 34.2000° N, 118.9000° W

Coso Rock Art District – Coso Range, Inyo County
Estimated dating: 12 000 BCE–1400 CE
Coordinates: 36.0330° N, 117.8500° W

Hemet Maze Stone – Riverside County
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 33.7400° N, 117.0000° W

Meadow Lake Petroglyphs – Nevada County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.4170° N, 120.6330° W

Painted Rock (San Luis Obispo County) – Carrizo Plain National Monument
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 35.2830° N, 119.8000° W

Petroglyph Point Archeological Site – Lava Beds National Monument, Siskiyou County
Estimated dating: 2500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 41.8330° N, 121.5000° W

Ring Mountain Petroglyph Site – Marin County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.9130° N, 122.4820° W

Yellow Jacket Petroglyphs – Lassen County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 40.1830° N, 120.6660° W

Colorado

Canyon Pintado National Historic District – Rio Blanco County
Estimated dating: 1000 CE and later
Coordinates: 40.0067° N, −108.7808° W

Hovenweep National Monument – Montezuma County
Estimated dating: 500 – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 37.3830° N, −109.0750° W

Mesa Verde NP (Petroglyph Point Trail) – Montezuma County
Estimated dating: late prehistoric
Coordinates: 37.1833° N, −108.5000° W

Petroglyph Point Trail (Mesa Verde National Park) – Montezuma County
Estimated dating: 900 – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 37.1900° N, −108.4950° W

Shavano Valley Rock Art Site – Montrose County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1881 CE
Coordinates: site managed with guided access only

Florida

Crystal River Archaeological State Park – Citrus County
Estimated dating: 200 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 28.9000° N, 82.6000° W

59th Unnamed Cave (Petroglyph Site) – North Florida Karst Region
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: Protected location (exact coordinates withheld)

Key Marco Carvings (Wood Effigy Artifacts) – Collier County
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 25.9330° N, 81.7330° W

Richardson Archaeological Site – Gulf Coast Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 29.2000° N, 83.0000° W

59th Unnamed Cave (Petroglyph Site) – North Florida Karst Region
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: Protected location (exact coordinates withheld)

Georgia

Etowah Mound Carving Slabs – Bartow County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 34.1330° N, −84.8000° W

Forsyth Petroglyph Boulder – Forsyth County (now in Georgia Museum of Art)
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 34.2500° N, −84.1500° W

Rock Eagle Effigy Mound – Putnam County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 300 CE
Coordinates: 33.3450° N, −83.3830° W

Sprayberry Rock Petroglyph – Cobb County
Estimated dating: uncertain, possibly 500 – 1000 CE
Coordinates: preserved display stone; original site relocated

Track Rock Gap Archaeological Area – Union County
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 34.8830° N, −83.8773° W

Tallulah Gorge Engraved Outcrops – Rabun County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 34.7330° N, −83.3830° W

Hawaiʻi

Olowalu Petroglyphs – Maui County
Estimated dating: a few hundred years old
Coordinates: approx. 20.8217° N, −156.6176° W

Puakō Petroglyph Archaeological District – Kohala Coast, Hawaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 1000–1800 CE
Coordinates: 19.9544° N, −155.8559° W

Puʻuloa (Puʻu Loa) Petroglyphs – Hawaiʻi Island, Hawaiʻi County
Estimated dating: 1200–1800 CE
Coordinates: 19.2890° N, −155.1300° W

Idaho

Buffalo Eddy Petroglyphs – Nez Perce County
Estimated dating: 4,500 – 300 years old
Coordinates: 46.1000° N, −116.9000° W

Celebration Park – Canyon County
Estimated dating: 100 – 10,000 years old
Coordinates: 43.2994° N, −116.5222° W

City of Rocks Petroglyphs – Cassia County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 42.0830° N, −113.7000° W

Jaguar Cave – Butte County
Estimated dating: uncertain; Archaic period occupation layers
Coordinates: protected private property (exact location withheld)

Map Rock Petroglyphs Historic District – Canyon County
Estimated dating: prehistoric (Shoshone tradition)
Coordinates: 43.5000° N, −116.7833° W

Pittsburg Landing Rock Art Site – Idaho County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 45.7500° N, −116.4500° W

Wees Bar Petroglyph Field – Ada and Owyhee Counties
Estimated dating: prehistoric to protohistoric
Coordinates: 43.2500° N, −116.5500° W

Wees Bar Petroglyphs (Snake River Canyon) – Ada County
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1700 CE
Coordinates: 43.3800° N, −116.3100° W

Illinois

Marshall Site – Chillicothe, Peoria County
Estimated dating: 900–1200 CE
Coordinates: 40.9300° N, 89.4000° W

Millstone Bluff – Pope County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.5000° N, 88.7000° W

Piney Creek Ravine State Natural Area – Randolph County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.9000° N, 89.7000° W

Piney Creek South Site – Randolph County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.9000° N, 89.7000° W

Piney Creek West Site – Randolph County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.9000° N, 89.7000° W

Piasa Bird Petroglyph – Madison County
Estimated dating: 1200–1600 CE
Coordinates: 38.8500° N, 90.2000° W

Tegtmeyer Site – Jersey County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.1000° N, 90.4000° W

Iowa

DNR #5 Rock Shelter – Clayton County
Estimated dating: prehistoric
Coordinates: 42.8500° N, −91.1500° W

Hartman Reserve Petroglyphs – Black Hawk County
Estimated dating: prehistoric, exact age uncertain
Coordinates: 42.5367° N, −92.3756° W

Jefferson County Petroglyphs – Jefferson County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 40.9833° N, −91.9500° W

Lansing Rock Shelters – Allamakee County
Estimated dating: prehistoric to early historic period
Coordinates: 43.3500° N, −91.2500° W

Paint Rock Bluff – Allamakee County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.2000° N, −91.2000° W

Kansas

Bluff Creek Petroglyph Site – Clark County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.2200° N, −99.8800° W

Indian Rock Park Petroglyphs – Saline County
Estimated dating: 900 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.8586° N, −97.6094° W

Peverly Petroglyph Site – Rice County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.4500° N, −98.3000° W

Red Rock Canyon Petroglyphs – Ellsworth County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.7000° N, −98.2000° W

Russell Petroglyph Site – Russell County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.8830° N, −98.8500° W

Treaty Rocks Petroglyph Site – Mitchell County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.3830° N, −98.1500° W

Kentucky

Indian Fort Mountain (Berea Petroglyphs) – Madison County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.5619° N, −84.2619° W

Indian Head Rock – Greenup County
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.7000° N, 82.9500° W

Jeffry Cliff Petroglyphs (15HA114) – Hancock County
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.9000° N, 86.8000° W

Mammoth Cave National Park – Edmonson County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.2000° N, 86.1000° W

Pine Mountain Petroglyphs – Letcher County
Estimated dating: 1000–1600 CE
Coordinates: 37.0333° N, −82.6833° W

Red Bird River Petroglyphs – Clay County
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.2000° N, 83.7000° W

Louisiana

Bayou Chene Petroglyphs – Assumption Parish
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 29.8000° N, −91.1000° W

Bayou Teche Petroglyphs – St. Martin Parish
Estimated dating: 1000–1600 CE
Coordinates: 30.2833° N, −91.8333° W

Maine

Maine Archaeological Survey Site 21.26 – Washington County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.7500° N, −67.3500° W

Machias Bay Petroglyphs – Washington County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.6500° N, −67.3833° W

Whiting Bay Petroglyphs – Washington County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.8000° N, −67.2500° W

Maryland

Susquehanna River Petroglyphs – Cecil County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.6500° N, −76.0833° W

Massachusetts

Dighton Rock – Bristol County
Estimated dating: possibly 1000–1600 CE
Coordinates: 41.8189° N, −71.0822° W

Michigan

Sanilac Petroglyphs Historic State Park – Sanilac County
Estimated dating: 300–1000 years old
Coordinates: 43.4344° N, −82.8431° W

Minnesota

Carver’s Cave Petroglyphs – Ramsey County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.9400° N, −93.0800° W

Hegman Lake Pictograph – Lake County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 48.1000° N, −92.2000° W

Jeffers Petroglyphs – Cottonwood County
Estimated dating: 7000 BCE – 1750 CE
Coordinates: 44.1000° N, −95.0830° W

Pipestone National Monument – Pipestone County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1700 CE
Coordinates: 44.0000° N, −96.3170° W

Mystery Cave Engravings – Fillmore County
Estimated dating: prehistoric to early historic
Coordinates: 43.7000° N, −92.2500° W

Missouri

Holliday Petroglyphs – Monroe County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.4830° N, −92.0000° W

Thousand Hills State Park – Adair County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 40.2000° N, −92.6500° W

Washington State Park – Washington County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.0500° N, −90.9830° W

Montana

Deer Medicine Rocks – Rosebud County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1800 CE
Coordinates: 46.4160° N, −106.9330° W

Petroglyph Canyon – Carbon County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 45.0830° N, −108.9330° W

Pictograph Cave State Park – Yellowstone County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1400 CE
Coordinates: 45.9775° N, −108.3808° W

Pompey’s Pillar National Monument – Yellowstone County
Estimated dating: prehistoric through historic (multi-phase)
Coordinates: 45.9940° N, −108.0020° W

Weatherman Draw (Valley of the Chiefs) – Carbon County
Estimated dating: 250–1800 CE
Coordinates: 45.3000° N, −108.8667° W

Nebraska

Blackbird Hill Rock Carvings – Thurston County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.0830° N, −96.4500° W

Cub Creek Petroglyph Site – Jefferson County
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 40.1830° N, −97.1330° W

Indian Cave State Park – Richardson County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 40.2600° N, −95.5333° W

Macy Petroglyph Boulder – Thurston County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.1000° N, −96.3500° W

Nevada

Brownstone Canyon Archaeological District – Clark County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 36.1700° N, −115.4500° W

Gold Butte National Monument – Clark County
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 36.3770° N, −114.3550° W

Grapevine Canyon Petroglyphs – Clark County
Estimated dating: 1100–1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.2000° N, −114.6000° W

Grimes Point Archaeological Area – Churchill County
Estimated dating: 4000–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 39.3830° N, −118.6330° W

Hidden Cave – Churchill County
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 39.4000° N, −118.6000° W

Lagomarsino Canyon Petroglyph Site – Storey County
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 39.5000° N, −119.5000° W

Sloan Canyon National Conservation Area – Clark County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 35.9200° N, −115.0500° W

Tim Springs Petroglyphs – Lincoln County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 37.6830° N, −114.6000° W

Valley of Fire State Park – Clark County
Estimated dating: 300 BCE–1150 CE
Coordinates: 36.4500° N, −114.5330° W

Winnemucca Lake Petroglyphs – Washoe County
Estimated dating: 10 000–14 000 BCE
Coordinates: 40.0000° N, −119.3000° W

New Mexico

Chaco Canyon Petroglyphs – San Juan County
Estimated dating: 800 – 1250 CE
Coordinates: 36.0600° N, −107.9600° W

Crow Canyon Archaeological District – San Juan County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 36.7830° N, −108.9500° W

El Morro National Monument – Cibola County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 35.0400° N, −108.3500° W

La Cieneguilla Petroglyphs – Santa Fe County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.6160° N, −106.1000° W

Petroglyph National Monument – Bernalillo County
Estimated dating: 400 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.1300° N, −106.7500° W

Rio Grande Gorge Petroglyphs – Taos County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 36.4000° N, −105.7000° W

Three Rivers Petroglyph Site – Otero County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 33.3330° N, −106.0000° W

Wells Petroglyph Preserve – Rio Arriba County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1400 CE (Ancestral Puebloan)
Coordinates: 36.2300° N, −106.0830° W

New York

Bear Rock Petroglyph – Westchester County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 41.2000° N, −73.5830° W

Bells Bay Petroglyph – Jefferson County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 44.0500° N, −76.3000° W

Greene Point Petroglyphs – Greene County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 42.2830° N, −73.8500° W

Hemlock Hill Trail Carving – Westchester County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 41.2000° N, −73.6000° W

Shawangunk Ridge Petroglyph – Ulster County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 41.7000° N, −74.4000° W

North Carolina

Gardner Rock Petroglyph – Yancey County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.8830° N, −82.3330° W

Hagood Creek Petroglyphs – Transylvania County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.1830° N, −82.8330° W

Hiwassee Rock Petroglyphs – Clay County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 35.0000° N, −83.7500° W

Judaculla Rock – Jackson County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 35.3747° N, −82.9350° W

Track Rock Petroglyph – Cherokee County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.0833° N, −84.0000° W

North Dakota

Medicine Rock State Historic Site – Hettinger County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 46.4330° N, −102.3000° W

Writing Rock State Historic Site – Divide County
Estimated dating: 1000–1700 CE
Coordinates: 48.6500° N, −103.1833° W

Ohio

Barnesville Petroglyph – Belmont County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.9500° N, −81.1830° W

Independence Slab – Cuyahoga County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.3830° N, −81.6330° W

Inscription Rock – Kelleys Island, Erie County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.6000° N, −82.7000° W

Leo Petroglyph – Jackson County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.0000° N, −82.5000° W

Turkey Foot Rock – Summit County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.1000° N, −81.5000° W

Serpent Mound – Adams County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1200 CE (Fort Ancient culture)
Coordinates: 39.0250° N, −83.4300° W

Oklahoma

Alabaster Caverns Petroglyphs – Woodward County
Estimated dating: 1000–1600 CE
Coordinates: 36.6833° N, −99.1667° W

Chalky Butte Petroglyphs – Slope County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 46.3330° N, −103.2830° W

Medicine Rock State Historic Site – Hettinger County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 46.4330° N, −102.3000° W

Rainy Butte Petroglyphs – Slope County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 46.2830° N, −103.3000° W

Turkey Creek Petroglyphs – Caddo County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.0167° N, −98.3333° W

Writing Rock State Historic Site – Divide County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: 48.6500° N, −103.1833° W

Oregon

Abert Lake Petroglyphs – Lake County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 42.3330° N, −120.2000° W

East Lake Abert Archaeological District – Lake County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 42.3330° N, −120.2000° W

Greaser Petroglyph Site – Harney County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 43.2000° N, −118.7000° W

Horse Ridge Petroglyphs – Deschutes County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 43.9500° N, −121.0500° W

Petroglyph Point (Lake County) – Lakeview
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 42.2000° N, −120.2000° W

Picture Rock Pass Petroglyphs Site – Lake County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 43.0000° N, −120.5000° W

Pennsylvania

Big and Little Indian Rock Petroglyphs – Lancaster County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.7830° N, −76.3500° W

Conestoga River Petroglyphs – Lancaster County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.9330° N, −76.2830° W

Francis Farm Petroglyphs – Venango County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.3000° N, −79.7000° W

Indian God Rock – Venango County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.3000° N, −79.7000° W

Safe Harbor Petroglyphs – Lancaster County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 39.9500° N, −76.3830° W

Sugar Grove Petroglyphs – Venango County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.3500° N, −79.7000° W

South Carolina

Dukes Creek Petroglyph Site – Oconee County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 34.8833° N, −83.0833° W

Hagood Creek Petroglyph Site – Pickens County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 34.8830° N, −82.7000° W

Oconee Cupule Rock – Oconee County
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 34.7830° N, −83.1000° W

Saluda River Engravings – Lexington County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 33.9830° N, −81.2330° W

South Dakota

Black Hills Petroglyph Site – Custer County
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.7500° N, −103.4000° W

Cave Hills Engravings – Harding County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 45.8000° N, −103.4000° W

French Creek Rock Art – Fall River County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 43.6000° N, −103.2000° W

Ludlow Cave Petroglyphs – Harding County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 45.8830° N, −103.5330° W

Jeffers Petroglyph Continuation Field – near Pipestone area
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 1750 CE
Coordinates: 44.0167° N, −96.3167° W

Tennessee

Big Bone Cave Petroglyphs – Van Buren County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.8000° N, −85.3500° W

Devilstep Hollow Cave – Cumberland County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.8830° N, −84.9830° W

Dunbar Cave State Park – Montgomery County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 36.5500° N, −87.3000° W

Falcon Warrior Panel (Devilstep Hollow Cave) – Hamilton County
Estimated dating: 1300 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: protected cave; coordinates withheld

Harpeth River State Park – Cheatham County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 36.1000° N, −87.2000° W

Mud Glyph Cave – Monroe County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.4500° N, −84.3000° W

Painted Bluff – Jackson County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 35.5000° N, −85.8000° W

Texas

Hueco Tanks State Historic Site – El Paso County
Estimated dating: 9000 BCE–1700 CE
Coordinates: 31.9217° N, −106.0433° W

Seminole Canyon State Park – Val Verde County
Estimated dating: 2000–7000 BCE
Coordinates: 29.7000° N, −101.3167° W

Utah

Barrier Canyon Style – Southeastern Utah
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE–500 CE
Coordinates: 38.0000° N, −110.0000° W

Buckhorn Draw Pictograph Panel – Emery County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1300 CE (Barrier Canyon Style)
Coordinates: 39.0620° N, −110.7100° W

Courthouse Wash Pictographs – Grand County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 38.6000° N, −109.6000° W

Fremont Indian State Park – Sevier County
Estimated dating: 1000–1300 CE
Coordinates: 38.5500° N, −112.2500° W

Horseshoe Canyon – Emery and Wayne Counties
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE–500 CE
Coordinates: 38.4500° N, −110.0000° W

Millsite Rock Art – Emery County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 39.1000° N, −110.7500° W

Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument – San Juan County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 37.9830° N, −109.5200° W

Nine Mile Canyon – Carbon County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 39.0000° N, −110.0000° W

Parowan Gap – Iron County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 37.9000° N, −112.8330° W

Quail Rock Art Panel – Washington County
Estimated dating: 1000–1300 CE
Coordinates: 37.1000° N, −113.6000° W

Rochester Rock Art Panel – Emery County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 39.1000° N, −110.7500° W

Sego Canyon (Thompson Wash) – Grand County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 39.1130° N, −109.7140° W

White Canyon – San Juan County
Estimated dating: 1000–1300 CE
Coordinates: 37.5660° N, −110.0000° W

Vermont

Bellows Falls Petroglyphs – Windham County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.1333° N, −72.4500° W

Virginia

New River Petroglyphs – Giles County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.3333° N, −80.7333° W

Washington

Columbia Hills State Park Petroglyphs – Klickitat County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 45.6500° N, −121.0000° W

Dry Falls Petroglyphs – Grant County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 47.6000° N, −119.3500° W

Duwamish Head Petroglyphs – King County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 47.5800° N, −122.4000° W

Elliot Bay Petroglyphs – King County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 47.6000° N, −122.3500° W

Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park – Kittitas County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 46.9500° N, −120.0000° W

Haleets – Clark County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 45.6000° N, −122.5000° W

Indian Painted Rocks – Spokane County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 47.7800° N, −117.5500° W

Lake Lenore Caves State Park – Grant County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 47.5000° N, −119.5000° W

Yakima Indian Painted Rocks – Yakima County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 46.6500° N, −120.6500° W

West Virginia

Ceredo Museum Stone – Wayne County
Estimated dating: uncertain; possibly prehistoric origin
Coordinates: preserved indoors; original site unknown

Hamilton Farm Petroglyphs – Putnam County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.6500° N, −81.9500° W

Indian Cave Petroglyphs – Wyoming County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 37.6000° N, −81.6000° W

Pocatalico River Petroglyphs – Kanawha County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.6000° N, −81.7500° W

Wildcat Branch Petroglyphs – Wayne County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 38.2000° N, −82.4500° W

Wisconsin

Hanson Petroglyphs – Vernon County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.5830° N, −90.6330° W

Hensler Petroglyph Site – Dodge County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.3330° N, −88.7000° W

Indian Cave – Grant County
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.9500° N, −90.8000° W

Larson Cave – Crawford County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.1500° N, −90.9000° W

Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs – Adams County
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.0228° N, −89.8239° W

Samuels’ (Pictured) Cave – La Crosse County
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.8500° N, −91.1000° W

Wyoming

Arch Creek Petroglyphs – Sweetwater County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.3000° N, −108.9000° W

Calpet Rockshelter (48SU354) – Sublette County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.7000° N, −109.7000° W

Castle Gardens Petroglyph Site – Fremont County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.5000° N, −108.4000° W

Gateway (48LN348) – Lincoln County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.1000° N, −110.9000° W

La Barge Bluffs Petroglyphs – Lincoln County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 42.2500° N, −110.2000° W

Legend Rock – Hot Springs County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.7500° N, −108.2500° W

Medicine Lodge State Archaeological Site – Big Horn County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.5000° N, −108.6000° W

Tolar Petroglyph Site – Sweetwater County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.9000° N, −108.5000° W

White Mountain Petroglyphs – Sweetwater County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 41.7000° N, −109.0000° W

Wold Rock Art District – Fremont County
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 43.5000° N, −108.5000° W

 

1.2 Canada

Alberta

Caribou Mountains / Peace-Athabasca Region (dispersed panels) – Northern Alberta
Estimated dating: late prehistoric
Coordinates: 58.5000° N, 114.0000° W

Crowsnest Cave – Crowsnest Lake
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 49.5830° N, −114.4500° W

Grotto Canyon – Bow Valley Provincial Park
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 51.1110° N, −115.1860° W

Okotoks Erratic (Big Rock) – Foothills County
Estimated dating: uncertain; pigment traces possibly <1000 years old
Coordinates: 50.7000° N, −114.3000° W

Pine Coulee – Nanton Area
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 50.3000° N, −113.7330° W

Writing-on-Stone / Áísínai’pi – County of Forty Mile No. 8, Alberta
Estimated dating: 1050 BCE–1800 CE (multi-phase)
Coordinates: 49.0900° N, 111.6160° W

Zephyr Creek – Highwood Region
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 50.2660° N, −114.6500° W

British Columbia

Copper Island (Shuswap Lake) – Columbia–Shuswap District
Estimated dating: 800 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 50.9830° N, −119.2330° W

East Sooke Regional Park Petroglyphs – Alldridge Point, Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 48.3160° N, 123.6500° W

Gabriola Island Petroglyphs – Nanaimo Regional District
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 49.1660° N, −123.8160° W

Michel-Natal (McGillivray Shelter) – East Kootenay
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 49.6330° N, −114.9000° W

Nanaimo Petroglyph Provincial Park – Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 49.1680° N, 123.8140° W

Nass and Skeena Rivers Petroglyph Sites – Northern British Columbia
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 54.9830° N, 128.6500° W

Petroglyph Park (Nanaimo) – Nanaimo, British Columbia
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 49.1440° N, 123.9250° W

Quadra Island Petroglyphs – Campbell River area, British Columbia
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 50.0660° N, 125.2160° W

Roderick Haig-Brown Park – Shuswap Region
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 50.7000° N, −119.4500° W

Skaha Lake (Braeside Site) – Penticton
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 49.4500° N, −119.5830° W

Sproat Lake (K’ak’awin) Petroglyphs – Alberni-Clayoquot Regional District, British Columbia
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 49.2900° N, 124.9000° W

Stein Valley Rock Art (select locales) – Squamish-Lillooet Regional District, British Columbia
Estimated dating: late prehistoric to protohistoric
Coordinates: 50.2250° N, 122.0280° W

Nova Scotia

Bedford Petroglyphs National Historic Site – Halifax County, Nova Scotia
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.7300° N, 63.6500° W

Kejimkujik National Park Petroglyphs – Queens County, Nova Scotia
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.4340° N, 65.2090° W

Ontario

Agawa Rock (Lake Superior Provincial Park) – Algoma District, Ontario
Estimated dating: 1500–400 years ago
Coordinates: 47.6150° N, 84.9090° W

Cliff Lake (Wabakimi Park) – Thunder Bay District
Estimated dating: 500 – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 51.5160° N, −89.2000° W

Fairy Point (Missinaibi Lake) – Cochrane District
Estimated dating: 800 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 49.8160° N, −83.8660° W

Peterborough Petroglyphs National Historic Site (“Kinoomaagewaapkong”) – Peterborough County, Ontario
Estimated dating: 900–1400 CE
Coordinates: 44.6240° N, 78.0620° W

Petroglyphs Provincial Park (Peterborough Petroglyphs) – Peterborough County, Ontario
Estimated dating: 900–1400 CE
Coordinates: 44.6240° N, 78.0620° W

Saskatchewan

St. Victor Petroglyphs Provincial Historic Park – RM of Hart Butte No. 11, Saskatchewan
Estimated dating: 1000–1700 CE
Coordinates: 49.2875° N, 105.6730° W

Quebec

Pepeshapissinikan – Outaouais Region
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: approximately 47.9830° N, −77.1660° W

Atlantic Provinces

New Brunswick (multiple coastal sites) – Maritime Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: undisclosed, multiple confirmed field sites across the province

 

1.3 Mexico

Baja California

Baja California Norte Rock Art Corridor (La Rumorosa Region) – Tecate & Mexicali Municipalities, Baja California
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.5500° N, 116.1000° W

Cañon la Vibora (Rattlesnake Canyon) – Baja California
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 32.1600° N, −115.7900° W

Cueva de San Borjitas (Painted Cave of San Borjitas) – Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 7000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.5600° N, −112.7200° W

Cueva de El Carmen (Painted Cave of El Carmen) – Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 7000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.5400° N, −112.6700° W

El Rosario Petroglyphs – Baja California
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 30.0500° N, −115.7500° W

El Vallecito Petroglyph Site – Tecate Municipality, Baja California
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1200 CE
Coordinates: 32.5800° N, 116.2800° W

Great Mural Rock Art (Sierra de San Francisco and surrounding canyons) – Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 27.6500° N, 113.0830° W

Montevideo Pictographs – Baja California
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 600 CE
Coordinates: 28.7000° N, −113.9500° W

Mouse Cave (Cueva del Ratón, Sierra de San Francisco) – Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 9000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.5800° N, −113.1700° W

Palmarito Cave (Cuesta Palmarito) – Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 9200 – 6000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.5800° N, −113.2500° W

Rock Paintings of the Sierra de San Francisco – Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 27.6500° N, 113.0830° W

Sierra de Guadalupe Cave Paintings – Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1300 CE
Coordinates: 27.9830° N, 112.9500° W

Coahuila

Cueva Ahumada – Municipality of Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–500 CE
Coordinates: 25.6500° N, 100.9500° W

Nuevo León

Boca de Potrerillos – Mina Municipality, Nuevo León
Estimated dating: 2500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 26.0460° N, 100.5140° W

Chiquihuitillos Petroglyph Zone – Mina Municipality, Nuevo León
Estimated dating: 2500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 26.4000° N, 100.8000° W

Nayarit

Altavista (Los Petroglifos) – Compostela Municipality, Nayarit
Estimated dating: 200 BCE–900 CE (Shaft Tomb–Epiclassic)
Coordinates: 21.1110° N, 105.1470° W

Ixtlán del Río Petroglyph Zone – Ixtlán del Río Municipality, Nayarit
Estimated dating: 200 BCE–900 CE
Coordinates: 21.0500° N, 104.3660° W

Puebla / Oaxaca

Tehuacán–Cuicatlán Valley (dispersed panels) – Puebla & Oaxaca States
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 18.3000° N, 97.3000° W

Sinaloa

Las Labradas Petroglyph Beach – San Ignacio Municipality, Sinaloa
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1200 CE
Coordinates: 23.4270° N, 106.5000° W

Sonora

Cerro Prieto Petroglyphs – Sonora
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 30.7160° N, −112.1330° W

Cerro de Trincheras (rock art locales within) – Trincheras Municipality, Sonora
Estimated dating: 200–1450 CE
Coordinates: 30.4000° N, 111.5500° W

Cerro La Calera (Rancho Puerto Blanco) – Sonora
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 30.6500° N, −112.1830° W

Esperanza Stone – Near Hermosillo, Sonora
Estimated dating: uncertain; likely prehistoric
Coordinates: 29.0000° N, 111.0000° W

La Pintada Canyon Petroglyphs – Hermosillo Municipality, Sonora
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE–1200 CE
Coordinates: 29.0270° N, 111.2630° W

La Proveedora Petroglyph Zone – Caborca Municipality, Sonora
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1400 CE
Coordinates: 30.6460° N, 112.1680° W

State of Mexico

San Miguel Ixtapan Petroglyphs – Tejupilco Region, State of Mexico
Estimated dating: 200–900 CE
Coordinates: 18.8410° N, 100.1450° W

 

1.4 Greenland

Qajartalik Petroglyph Site – near Kangirsujuaq, Nunavik Region (island southeast of Kangirsujuaq)
Estimated dating: 800 BCE–500 CE (Dorset Era)
Coordinates: 61.6000° N, −71.8330° W

Other modern and misattributed carvings – Qaqortoq area
Estimated dating: 20th–21st century
Coordinates: 60.7167° N, −46.0333° W

Stone and Man Sculpture Project – Qaqortoq, southern Greenland
Estimated dating: 1990–present (modern era)
Coordinates: 60.7167° N, −46.0333° W

1.5 Bermuda

No known Indigenous petroglyph sites (the islands were uninhabited until post-1500s
colonization). Include as “no native petroglyph record”.

1.6 Caribbean Islands

Bahamas

Ben’s Cave / Burial Mound Cave (rock art traces) – Grand Bahama Island
Estimated dating: late prehistoric
Coordinates: 26.6200° N, 78.4300° W

East Caicos (Timehri-type carvings) – Turks and Caicos Archipelago
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 21.8330° N, 71.5830° W
Notes: Petroglyphs on East Caicos exhibit traits similar to Timehri rock art from South America and the Lesser Antilles, suggesting shared cultural influences.

Eleuthera Caves (Lucayan usage, possible rock art) – Eleuthera Island
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 25.2000° N, 76.1000° W

Fountain Cave (Fountain Site) – San Salvador Island
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE (Lucayan)
Coordinates: 24.0700° N, 74.5330° W

Hamilton’s Cave (petroglyph chamber) – Long Island
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.2000° N, 75.1000° W

Hartford Cave – Rum Cay
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.6330° N, 74.8660° W

Jacksonville Cave – East Caicos
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE (Lucayan/Taíno)

Lucayan Cave Network (Crooked Island to Inagua) – Lucayan Archipelago
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: multiple island cave systems, regional distribution
Coordinates: 21.8830° N, −71.7660° W

Rum Cay (general island record) – Rum Cay
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.6330° N, 74.8660° W

Cuba

Chacuey River Petroglyphs – near Las Tunas / Granma border region, eastern Cuba
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE (Taíno period)
Coordinates: 20.8000° N, 77.8000° W

Cueva de Ambrosio – Hicacos Peninsula, Matanzas Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.1550° N, 81.2720° W

Cueva de la Yagruma – Maisí Region, Guantánamo Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 20.2660° N, 74.1500° W

Cueva de Punta del Este – Isla de la Juventud
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 21.6160° N, 82.7160° W

El Garrote Site – near Banao, Sancti Spíritus Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 21.9160° N, 79.4660° W

El Maracho Site – near Banao, Sancti Spíritus Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 21.9160° N, 79.4660° W

Runel Cave – Sancti Spíritus Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.0000° N, 80.0000° W

Sierra del Rosario Petroglyphs – Pinar del Río Province, western Cuba
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.7160° N, 83.9160° W

Sierra Maestra Mountain Petroglyphs – Granma Province, eastern Cuba
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 20.2500° N, 76.8330° W

Dominican Republic

Cave No. 2 of Borbón (Pomier Reserve) – San Cristóbal Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE (Borbón School)
Coordinates: 18.4000° N, −70.1600° W

Ferrocarril Cave (Los Haitises National Park) – Samaná Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 19.0160° N, −69.9000° W

José María Cave (Parque Nacional del Este) – La Altagracia Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.3330° N, −68.6830° W

La Colmena Cave (Jaragua National Park) – Pedernales Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 17.8500° N, −71.4660° W

Ramoncito Cave (Parque Nacional del Este) – La Altagracia Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.3400° N, −68.6800° W

Jamaica

Dryland (Image Cave) – Saint Catherine Parish
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.0500° N, 77.0830° W

Kempshot Cave – Saint James Parish
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.4660° N, 77.9330° W

Mountain River Cave – Saint Catherine Parish
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.1660° N, 77.1000° W

Two Sisters Cave – Saint Catherine Parish
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 17.9380° N, 77.0970° W

Warminster Rock Shelter – Saint Elizabeth Parish
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.0660° N, 77.7500° W

Hispaniola (Dominican Republic & Haiti)

Fort Liberté Cave Sites – Nord-Est, Haiti
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 19.6660° N, 71.8330° W

Las Caritas de los Indios – Lake Enriquillo, Independencia Province, Dominican Republic
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.4830° N, 71.7500° W

Pomier Caves Archaeological Reserve – San Cristóbal Province, Dominican Republic
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.4160° N, 70.1330° W

Puerto Rico

Cueva del Indio – Arecibo Municipality
Estimated dating: 1000–1300 CE
Coordinates: 18.4800° N, 66.7000° W

El Sol de Jayuya (Mural Tallado de Zamas) – Jayuya Municipality
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.2200° N, 66.5800° W

Icacos Petroglyph Group (Río Blanco Petroglyphs) – El Toro Wilderness, Río Blanco, El Yunque National Forest
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.3000° N, 65.8000° W

La Piedra Escrita – Jayuya Municipality
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.2160° N, 66.5900° W

Maria de la Cruz Cave – Loíza Municipality
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE (Archaic–Pre-Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.4500° N, −65.8830° W

Mona Island Caves – Mona Island
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1500 CE (Taíno)
Coordinates: 18.0830° N, −67.8830° W

Parque Ceremonial Indígena de Caguana – Utuado Municipality
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.2830° N, 66.7000° W

Río Caonillas Petroglyphs – Utuado Municipality
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.2500° N, 66.6500° W

Río Espíritu Santo Petroglyphs – Río Grande Municipality
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.3830° N, 65.8160° W

San Lorenzo Petroglyphs – San Lorenzo Municipality
Estimated dating: 1200–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.1900° N, 65.9600° W

Lesser Antilles

Anguilla

Big Spring Heritage Site – Island Harbour, Anguilla
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.2500° N, 63.0160° W

Fountain Cavern – Shoal Bay, Anguilla
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.2500° N, 63.0160° W

Guadeloupe

Engraved Rocks Archaeological Park (Trois-Rivières) – Basse-Terre Island
Estimated dating: 300 – 900 CE (Arawak)
Coordinates: 15.9500° N, −61.6500° W

Parc Archéologique des Roches Gravées – Trois-Rivières, Guadeloupe
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 15.9700° N, 61.6500° W

Trois-Rivières and La Coulisse Sites – Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 15.9500° N, 61.6500° W

Martinique

Le Galion Petroglyph Site – Trinité, Martinique
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 14.7500° N, 60.9500° W

Montravail Petroglyphs – Sainte-Luce, Martinique
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 14.4750° N, 60.9380° W

Montserrat

Engraved Rocks of Montravail – Sainte-Luce
Estimated dating: 300 – 900 CE (Arawak)
Coordinates: 14.4700° N, −60.9830° W

Soldier Ghaut Petroglyphs – Woodlands Area, Montserrat
Estimated dating: 500–1000 CE
Coordinates: 16.7500° N, 62.2160° W

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Wingfield River Petroglyphs – Saint Mary Parish, Saint Kitts
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 17.3430° N, 62.7870° W

Saint Lucia

Stonefield Estate Petroglyphs – Soufrière, Saint Lucia
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.8470° N, 61.0670° W

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Argyle Petroglyphs – Argyle Area, Saint Vincent
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.1530° N, 61.2010° W

Buccament Petroglyph Site – Buccament Valley, Saint Vincent
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.2000° N, 61.2330° W

Layou Petroglyph Park – Saint Vincent, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.2150° N, 61.2740° W

Petit Bordel and Barrouallie Petroglyph Sites – Leeward Coast
Estimated dating: 300 – 800 CE
Coordinates: approximately 13.2500° N, −61.2830° W

The Thirteen Stones – St. Patrick Parish
Estimated dating: 300 – 800 CE
Coordinates: 13.1830° N, −61.2500° W

Grenada

Duquesne Bay Petroglyphs – Saint Patrick Parish, Grenada
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 12.2250° N, 61.7000° W

U.S. Virgin Islands

Reef Bay Petroglyphs – Saint John, U.S. Virgin Islands
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.3180° N, 64.7280° W

 

2. Central America

2.1 Belize

Actun Che Chem Ha – Cayo District (Vaca Plateau)
Estimated dating: 250–900 CE
Coordinates: 17.1100° N, 89.0400° W

Actun Tunichil Muknal (ATM Cave) – Cayo District
Estimated dating: 500–900 CE (Classic Maya)
Coordinates: 17.1500° N, 88.9900° W

Actun Uayazba Kab (Handprint Cave) – Cayo District
Estimated dating: 600–1000 CE
Coordinates: 17.2300° N, 88.8800° W

Actun Yaxteel Ahau (Cave of the Ceiba Tree Lord) – Cayo District
Estimated dating: 600–1000 CE
Coordinates: 17.1800° N, 88.8700° W

Caves Branch Cave System (Petroglyph Cave) – Cayo District
Estimated dating: 300–900 CE
Coordinates: 17.2000° N, 88.7500° W

Che Chem Ha Cave – Cayo District
Estimated dating: 250 – 900 CE (Late Classic Maya)
Coordinates: 17.0830° N, −89.0160° W

Engraved Rocks of Montravail – Sainte-Luce
Estimated dating: 300 – 900 CE (Arawak)
Coordinates: 14.4700° N, −60.9830° W

St. Herman’s Cave (Blue Hole National Park) – Cayo District
Estimated dating: 300 BCE–900 CE
Coordinates: 17.1800° N, 88.6500° W

2.2 Guatemala

Cuevas de Kanba – Alta Verapaz Department
Estimated dating: 200 BCE–900 CE
Coordinates: 15.5000° N, 90.3000° W

El Manantial Petroglyph Site – Quetzaltenango Department
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 14.8330° N, 91.5160° W

Grutas de La Candelaria (decorated chambers) – Alta Verapaz Department
Estimated dating: 200 BCE–900 CE
Coordinates: 15.8000° N, 90.8500° W

Naj Tunich Cave – Poptún, Petén Department
Estimated dating: 700–900 CE (Late Classic Maya)
Coordinates: 16.3300° N, 89.4000° W

Piedra Pintada (Esquipulas/Olopa area) – Chiquimula Department
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 14.6000° N, 89.0500° W

Quiriguá – Izabal Department
Estimated dating: 200 – 900 CE (Classic Maya)
Coordinates: 15.2700° N, −89.0400° W

Rock Shelters of Jalapa and Sololá – Jalapa & Sololá Departments
Estimated dating: 200 BCE–900 CE
Coordinates: 14.7000° N, 90.0000° W

Tak’alik Ab’aj Archaeological Park – Retalhuleu Department
Estimated dating: 800 BCE–200 CE
Coordinates: 14.6330° N, 91.7000° W

Tikal Monument Complex – Petén Department
Estimated dating: 200 – 900 CE (Classic Maya)
Coordinates: 17.2230° N, −89.6230° W

2.3 Honduras

Copán Archaeological Site – Copán Department
Estimated dating: 400–900 CE (Classic Maya)
Coordinates: 14.8400° N, 89.1400° W

Cueva de El Gigante – La Paz Department
Estimated dating: 9000 BCE–1500 CE (multi-phase)
Coordinates: 14.3000° N, 87.8500° W

Cueva Pintada de Jamastrán – El Paraíso Department
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 13.9300° N, 86.8000° W

Cueva de Talgua (Cave of the Glowing Skulls) – Olancho Department
Estimated dating: 500–900 CE
Coordinates: 15.0500° N, 85.9100° W

Los Sapos Petroglyphs – Copán Department
Estimated dating: 600–900 CE
Coordinates: 14.8300° N, 89.1500° W

Patolli Petroglyphs (Sawacito and Plan Grande, Guanaja Island) – Islas de la Bahía Department
Estimated dating: 500–900 CE
Coordinates: 16.4330° N, 85.9000° W

Río Plátano Biosphere Petroglyphs – Gracias a Dios Department
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 15.5000° N, 84.8000° W

 

2.4 El Salvador

Cueva del Diablo – Chalatenango Department
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 14.1500° N, 89.0000° W

Cueva del Espíritu Santo (Cueva de Corinto) – Morazán Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.7000° N, 88.0500° W

Cueva Pintada de Corinto – Morazán Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.7000° N, 88.0500° W

Igualtepeque Petroglyphs (Lake Guija shore) – Santa Ana Department
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 14.2500° N, 89.4700° W

Joya de Cerén – La Libertad Department
Estimated dating: 600 – 900 CE (Maya)
Coordinates: 13.8270° N, −89.3600° W

Piedras Negras Petroglyphs – Usulután Department
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.3160° N, 88.4330° W

Piedra Pintada de Suchitoto – Cuscatlán Department
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 13.9500° N, 89.0300° W

Piedra Pintada de Chilanga – Morazán Department
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 13.7160° N, 88.1160° W

San Isidro Petroglyphs (San Vicente area) – San Vicente Department
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.6160° N, 88.7660° W

Tazumal Petroglyphs (Santa Ana region) – Santa Ana Department
Estimated dating: 900–1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.9830° N, 89.6830° W

2.5 Nicaragua

Cailagua Petroglyphs Trail – Masaya Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.9700° N, 86.1000° W

Chaguitillo Petroglyphs – Matagalpa Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 12.9330° N, 85.8330° W

Charco Verde – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.4660° N, −85.6200° W

Corazal and Tichana – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.5200° N, −85.5600° W

El Rayo Islet Complex – Granada Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.8500° N, 85.9000° W

Finca El Porvenir – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.5160° N, −85.6050° W

Finca Magdalena – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.5380° N, −85.5730° W

Isla de Ometepe – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.5160° N, 85.6050° W

Isla Zapatera – Granada Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.7500° N, 85.9000° W

La Ceiba and La Mocuana Rock Art Caves – Masaya Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.9800° N, 86.1200° W

La Primavera Farm (Río Buen Suceso) – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.4700° N, −85.5900° W

Ometepe Island Petroglyphs – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.5160° N, −85.5830° W

San Antonio Farm – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.4600° N, −85.6000° W

San Juan del Sur Petroglyph – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 300–1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.2500° N, 85.8660° W

San José de San Marcos – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.4400° N, −85.6100° W

Solentiname Archipelago (San Fernando Island) – Lake Nicaragua
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.3160° N, −85.0830° W

Tagüizapa and San Silvestre (near Altagracia) – Rivas Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 11.5500° N, −85.5800° W

2.6 Costa Rica

El Farallón de Cañas – Guanacaste Province
Estimated dating: 200–1000 CE
Coordinates: 10.4200° N, 85.1100° W

El Pedregal Petroglyph Field – Guanacaste Province (Bagaces/Cañas area)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–800 CE (some later)
Coordinates: 10.8500° N, 85.5000° W

Finca Ditsö / Matambú Area – Guanacaste Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 10.1000° N, 85.0500° W

Finca 6 Archaeological Site – Puntarenas Province (Osa Region)
Estimated dating: 800–1500 CE
Coordinates: 8.9500° N, 83.4830° W

Guayabo National Monument – Cartago Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1400 CE
Coordinates: 9.9870° N, 83.7040° W

Las Mercedes Archaeological Site – Limón Province (Central Atlantic Region)
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 10.3000° N, 83.7000° W

Nicoya Peninsula Stone Spheres – Guanacaste Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.0830° N, −85.4160° W

2.7 Panama

Caldera / Boquete Petroglyphs – Chiriquí Province
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 8.6740° N, 82.4240° W

Gran Coclé Region Petroglyphs – Coclé Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 900 CE
Coordinates: 8.6500° N, −80.5830° W

La Piedra Pintada (Caldera, Boquete) – Chiriquí Province
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 8.6500° N, 82.4500° W

La Piedra Pintada (El Valle de Antón) – Coclé Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 8.6070° N, 80.1300° W

La Yeguada Boulder Petroglyph Field – Veraguas Province
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 8.4330° N, 80.8830° W

Nancito Petroglyph Archaeological Park – Chiriquí Province
Estimated dating: 500–1200 CE
Coordinates: 8.4190° N, 82.5890° W

Piedra Pintada de Penonomé – Coclé Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 8.5200° N, 80.3540° W

Petroglifo Cariguana – Coclé Province (El Valle de Antón)
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 8.6130° N, 80.1300° W

Sitio Barriles (Petroglyphs and Carved Stones) – Chiriquí Province
Estimated dating: 200–1000 CE
Coordinates: 8.7930° N, 82.5670° W

 

3. South America

3.1 Colombia

Aracuara Rapids Rock Art – Caquetá / Amazonas Border
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 0.6100° S, 72.4000° W

Bojaá (Piedras Pintadas) – Chocó Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 6.6000° N, 76.9660° W

Cerro Azul (Rock-Art Complex) – Serranía de la Lindosa, Guaviare Department
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.6900° N, 72.6500° W

Cerro Palomazón Petroglyphs – Orinoco River Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 4.2000° N, −67.8000° W

Chiribiquete National Natural Park – Amazonas / Caquetá Departments
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE–1500 CE (multi-phase)
Coordinates: 0.6500° N, 72.7000° W

El Abra Archaeological Site – Cundinamarca Department
Estimated dating: 7000 BCE–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.0000° N, 73.9500° W

Facatativá Archaeological Park (Piedras de Tunja) – Cundinamarca Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 4.8120° N, 74.3370° W

La Chaquira (San Agustín Petroglyphs) – Huila Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 1.9500° N, 76.2830° W

Los Santos and Chicamocha Canyon Sites – Santander Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 6.7500° N, 73.0830° W

Macheta (Piedra La Flor) – Cundinamarca Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 5.0000° N, 73.6000° W

Pandi (El Helechal Site) – Cundinamarca Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 4.2500° N, 74.5000° W

Raudal de Jirijirimo – Vaupés Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 0.5830° N, 70.7000° W

Raudal del Guayabero Petroglyphs – San José del Guaviare, Guaviare Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.6200° N, 72.7400° W

San Jacinto and San Juan Nepomuceno Sites – Bolívar Department
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 9.8330° N, 75.1000° W

Serranía de la Lindosa (Rock-Art Cliffs and Shelters) – Guaviare Department
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.6800° N, 72.6600° W

Sibaté-Soacha (Piedra Los Alambiques and Adjacent Sites) – Cundinamarca Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 4.5500° N, 74.2500° W

 

3.2 Venezuela

Canaima National Park (Rock Art Shelters) – Bolívar State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 5.2000° N, 61.4000° W

Cerro Autana Region (Rock-Art Shelters) – Amazonas State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 4.9500° N, 67.4000° W

Cerro Pintado – Bolívar State (Middle Orinoco)
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 6.6160° N, −66.8830° W

Cueva del Fantasma Area (Gran Sabana) – Bolívar State
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 5.2500° N, 61.4000° W

Piedra de la Tortuga – Near Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 5.3500° N, 67.6000° W

Piedra Pintada / Cerro Pintado – Amazonas State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 3.8830° N, 65.8330° W

Raudales de Atures (Atures Rapids Petroglyphs) – Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 5.6330° N, 67.6330° W

 

3.3 Ecuador

Catazho Archaeological Complex – Morona-Santiago Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 3.0000° S, 78.2000° W

Chordeleg Petroglyphs – Azuay Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.8660° S, 78.7830° W

Guizhaguiña Petroglyph Area – Loja Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 3.9500° S, 79.2000° W

Ingapirca Complex – Cañar Province
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.5330° S, −78.8660° W

Jambelí Petroglyphs – Santa Elena Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 2.2500° S, 80.9000° W

Pucará de Rumicucho – Pichincha Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 0.0030° N, 78.4580° W

Puyango River Engraved Boulders – Loja / El Oro Provinces
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 3.9000° S, 80.0500° W

Río Chirapi Petroglyphs – Pichincha Province (near Pacto)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 0.1500° N, 78.8660° W

Rumipamba Archaeological Park – Pichincha Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 800 CE
Coordinates: 0.2100° S, −78.5000° W

Shimpis Petroglyphs – Morona-Santiago Province (Shuar Territory)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 3.2000° S, 78.3500° W

Tulipe Archaeological Site – Pichincha Province (Yumbo Culture)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 0.0750° N, 78.6800° W

Upano Valley Rock Art – Morona-Santiago Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–800 CE
Coordinates: 2.0000° S, 78.1500° W

 

3.4 Peru

Alto de la Guitarra Petroglyphs – Virú Province, La Libertad Region
Estimated dating: 200–1200 CE
Coordinates: 8.5000° S, 78.6000° W

Chavín de Huántar – Ancash Region
Estimated dating: 1200 – 400 BCE (Chavín)
Coordinates: 9.6000° S, −77.1660° W

Checta Petroglyphs – Canta Province, Lima Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 11.6400° S, 76.6700° W

Chichictara Petroglyphs – Palpa Valley, Ica Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 14.5500° S, 75.2000° W

Huancor Petroglyphs – Chincha Province, Ica Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.3200° S, 75.8800° W

Majuelo Rock Carvings – Nazca Desert, Ica Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 14.7000° S, 75.1000° W

Miculla Petroglyphs – Tacna Province, Tacna Region
Estimated dating: 500–1400 CE
Coordinates: 17.8700° S, 70.1730° W

Nazca Lines – Ica Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE (Nasca)
Coordinates: 14.7160° S, −75.1330° W

Petroglyphs of Polish – San Martín Region (near Tarapoto)
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 6.4660° S, 76.3660° W

Pusharo Petroglyphs – Manu, Madre de Dios Region
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 12.8000° S, 71.0000° W

Toro Muerto Petroglyph Field – Castilla Province, Arequipa Region
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 16.2330° S, 73.2830° W

Yonán / Jequetepeque Valley Petroglyphs – Cajamarca / La Libertad Regions
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 7.3000° S, 79.4500° W

 

3.5 Bolivia

Calacala Rock Art – Oruro Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 17.9830° S, 67.1000° W

El Fuerte de Samaipata (Carved Rock Complex) – Santa Cruz Department
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.1790° S, 63.7890° W

Incallajta Vicinity (Engraved Panels) – Cochabamba Department
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 17.5330° S, 65.1670° W

Kalatrancani Petroglyph Complex – Cochabamba Department (Tunari Mountain Foothills)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–Recent Historic
Coordinates: 17.4000° S, 66.1830° W

Lake Titicaca Basin (Rock Art Concentrations) – La Paz Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 16.2000° S, 68.8000° W

Mizque River Drainage Petroglyphs – Cochabamba Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 17.5000° S, 65.0000° W

Oruro–Cochabamba Transitional Zone (Petroglyph Concentrations) – Oruro/Cochabamba Departments
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.0000° S, 66.5000° W

Pultuma Rock Art Site – Cochabamba Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 17.3830° S, −66.1500° W

Peña Colorada – Chuquisaca Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 19.0330° S, −65.2330° W

Sajama Area Rock Art – Oruro Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.1000° S, 68.9660° W

Sora Sora Petroglyphs – Oruro Department
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 18.3500° S, 67.6000° W

Tarija–Cinti Rock Art Corridors – Chuquisaca/Tarija Departments
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 21.5000° S, 64.7000° W

Vallegrande Petroglyphs (El Buey, Toro Muerto, Palmarito, Paja Colorada) – Santa Cruz Department
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE–1950 CE
Coordinates: 18.7500° S, 64.1500° W

 

3.6 Chile

Atacama Giant (Geoglyph of Cerro Unitas) – Tarapacá Region
Estimated dating: 500–1400 CE
Coordinates: 19.9500° S, 69.6330° W

Chug-Chug Petroglyph Field – Antofagasta Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 23.7500° S, 69.4000° W

El Médano Petroglyphs – Limarí / Choapa Area, Coquimbo Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1200 CE
Coordinates: 31.1000° S, 71.1000° W

Geoglyphs of Pintados – Tarapacá Region (Pampa del Tamarugal)
Estimated dating: 500–1400 CE
Coordinates: 20.5000° S, 69.6330° W

La Silla Petroglyphs (Quebrada Los Tambos) – Coquimbo Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 29.2500° S, 70.7330° W

Pukará de Lasana – Antofagasta Region
Estimated dating: 500 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.2500° S, −68.3330° W

Punta Guaque 01 (Whale Hunt Petroglyphs) – Mejillones Area, Antofagasta Region
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.1000° S, 70.4500° W

Quezala Canyon Petroglyphs – Antofagasta Region (near Lascar Volcano)
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.3330° S, 67.7330° W

Rapa Nui (Easter Island) – Orongo and Papa Vaka Sites, Valparaíso Region (Special Territory)
Estimated dating: 1200–1700 CE
Coordinates: Orongo 27.1610° S, 109.4510° W; Papa Vaka 27.0850° S, 109.3180° W

Taira Petroglyphs (Alto Loa) – El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region
Estimated dating: 500–1000 CE
Coordinates: 22.7000° S, 68.2000° W

Valle del Encanto (Enchanted Valley) – Limarí Province, Coquimbo Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1200 CE
Coordinates: 30.6400° S, 71.2400° W

Yerbas Buenas Petroglyphs – El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.9460° S, 68.2050° W

 

3.7 Argentina

Alero de Charcamata – Santa Cruz Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1000 CE
Coordinates: 47.1000° S, 70.0000° W

Cafayate Petroglyphs – Salta Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 26.0830° S, 65.9760° W

Cerro Tunduqueral – Mendoza Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.5830° S, 69.3330° W

Cueva de las Manos (Cave of the Hands) – Santa Cruz Province
Estimated dating: 7300 BCE–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 47.1500° S, 70.6500° W

Iguazú Falls Petroglyphs – Misiones Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 25.6830° S, 54.4500° W

Inti Huasi (Petroglyphs and Shelters) – San Luis Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 32.4830° S, 66.1800° W

La Paya Rock Art Sector – Salta Province (Calchaquí Valley)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 25.2200° S, 66.1300° W

La Tunita Petroglyphs – Catamarca Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.3500° S, 65.7160° W

Piedra Parada – Chubut Province
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 42.7500° S, −70.1160° W

Sapagua Petroglyphs – Jujuy Province
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 23.3500° S, 65.4000° W

Talampaya National Park Petroglyphs – La Rioja Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 29.7830° S, 67.9330° W

 

3.8 Paraguay

Aquidabán River Engravings – Amambay Department
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 22.8500° S, 56.0000° W

Cerro Corá National Park (Rock Art Panels) – Amambay Department
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.6560° S, 56.0170° W

Itá Letra Petroglyphs – Amambay Department
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.6000° S, 55.7500° W

Jasuka Venda (Jsukaevnda Rock Art Complex) – Amambay Department
Estimated dating: 500–1500 CE
Coordinates: 22.6300° S, 55.8700° W

Piedra Pintada de Yaguarón – Paraguarí Department
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 25.5800° S, 57.2800° W

 

3.9 Uruguay

Chamangá Rock Art Complex – Flores Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 33.4500° S, 56.3000° W

Colonia Itapebí Petroglyphs – Salto Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1700 CE
Coordinates: 31.2500° S, 57.9000° W

Cuatro Cerros Petroglyph Area – Salto Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 31.3000° S, 57.9500° W

La Blanqueada / Arroyo Corrales Sector – Florida Department
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 33.9000° S, 56.1500° W

Puntas de Valentín Petroglyph Concentration – Salto Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 31.2000° S, 57.9000° W

Rocha Coastal Engravings (Select Boulders) – Rocha Department
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 34.5000° S, 54.3500° W

San Luis de Arapey and Yucutujá Sites – Salto Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 31.4000° S, 57.8000° W

 

3.10 Brazil

Avencal 1 Petroglyphs – São Joaquim National Park, Santa Catarina State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.2830° S, 49.9330° W

Campeche Island Petroglyphs – Florianópolis Area, Santa Catarina State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 27.7000° S, 48.5000° W

Itacoatiara do Rio Madeira – Amazonas State (Humaitá Area)
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 7.5000° S, 63.0000° W

Itacoatiara do Rio Negro – Amazonas State (near Manaus)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 3.1000° S, 60.0000° W

Jalapão Rock Engraving Sites – Tocantins State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE (with recent discoveries in 2024)
Coordinates: 10.2000° S, 46.8000° W

Monte Alegre / Serra da Ererê Region (Mixed Rock Art) – Pará State
Estimated dating: 11,000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.0000° S, 54.1000° W

Pedra do Ingá (Itacoatiara do Ingá) – Paraíba State
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE (with earlier possibilities)
Coordinates: 7.3100° S, 35.9000° W

Pedra Furada (Site within Serra da Capivara Park) – Piauí State
Estimated dating: 11,000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 8.8500° S, 42.5500° W

Pedra Pintada (Roraima) – Tepequém Region, Roraima State
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 3.7500° N, 61.7000° W

Santinho Rock Art – Costão do Santinho, Santa Catarina State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 27.4500° S, 48.4000° W

Serra da Capivara National Park – Piauí State
Estimated dating: 10,000+ years to Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 8.8500° S, 42.5500° W

Serrote do Letreiro (Signpost Hill) – Sousa Municipality, Paraíba State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 6.7830° S, 38.2330° W

Sete Cidades National Park – Piauí State
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 4.0830° S, 41.7000° W

 

3.12 Suriname

Paleo Creek / Kasikasima Area (Engraved Boulders) – Sipaliwini District
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 2.9500° N, 54.9000° W

Tepu / Tapanahony River Engravings – Sipaliwini District
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 3.1000° N, 55.9500° W

Timehri Rock (Border Region, Corentyne Area) – East Suriname / West Guyana
Estimated dating: 2000–5000 Years Ago
Coordinates: 5.2500° N, 57.2000° W

Werehpai Petroglyph Caves – Sipaliwini District (near Kwamalasamutu)
Estimated dating: 2000–5000 Years Ago
Coordinates: 2.3500° N, 56.8000° W

 

3.13 Guyana

Aishalton Petroglyphs – Rupununi (Region 9)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE–1500 CE
Coordinates: 2.4000° N, 59.3000° W

Barawatau Mountain Petroglyphs – Rupununi Savannahs, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo (Region 9)
Estimated dating: 4000–6000 Years Ago
Coordinates: 2.6000° N, 59.2000° W

Karowrieng / Upper Mazaruni Engravings – Cuyuni-Mazaruni (Region 7)
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 5.6500° N, 60.6500° W

Katoonarib Petroglyphs – Rupununi (Region 9)
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 2.8000° N, 59.4000° W

Rewa / Rupununi River Panels – Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo (Region 9)
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 3.7500° N, 58.9500° W

Rupunau Petroglyphs – Rupununi (Region 9)
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 2.5500° N, 59.4500° W

Timehri Petroglyphs – Demerara-Mahaica (near Cheddi Jagan International Airport)
Estimated dating: 1000–1500 CE
Coordinates: 6.5000° N, 58.2500° W

4. Europe

4.1 United Kingdom

Badbury Rings Barrow Petroglyphs – Dorset County
Estimated dating: 2500–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 50.8330° N, 2.0480° W

Baildon Moor Cup-and-Ring Complex – West Yorkshire
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.8500° N, 1.7500° W

Boscawen-un Stone Circle (with carved motifs) – Cornwall County
Estimated dating: 2500–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 50.0950° N, 5.6500° W

Chatton Moor Rock Art – Northumberland County
Estimated dating: 2800–1800 BCE
Coordinates: 55.5500° N, 1.9500° W

Creswell Crags Cup-and-Ring Marks – Nottinghamshire
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.2600° N, 1.2100° W

Dod Law Rock Art Field – Northumberland County
Estimated dating: 2800–1800 BCE
Coordinates: 55.5700° N, 1.9800° W

Fylingdales Moor Petroglyphs – North Yorkshire
Estimated dating: 2800–1800 BCE
Coordinates: 54.4000° N, 0.6000° W

Gardom’s Edge Cup-and-Ring Rocks – Derbyshire
Estimated dating: 2800–1800 BCE
Coordinates: 53.2500° N, 1.6000° W

Ilkley Moor (Cow and Calf Rocks & Panorama Stones) – West Yorkshire
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.9160° N, 1.8160° W

Langdale Boulders Petroglyphs – Cumbria
Estimated dating: 2800–1800 BCE
Coordinates: 54.4500° N, 3.1000° W

Rocky Valley Labyrinth Carvings – Tintagel, Cornwall
Estimated dating: 1800–1400 BCE (possibly earlier)
Coordinates: 50.6700° N, 4.7400° W

Rombalds Moor Rock Art Concentration – West Yorkshire
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.8900° N, 1.8200° W

Barningham Moor Rock Art – County Durham
Estimated dating: 2800–1800 BCE
Coordinates: 54.4800° N, 1.8700° W

 

4.2 Ireland

Boheh Stone – County Mayo
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.7650° N, 9.4710° W

Derrynablaha & Kealduff Rock Art (Iveragh) – County Kerry
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 51.9360° N, 10.0970° W

Dingle Peninsula Sites (Aghacaribble, Kinard East, Gowlane, Ballynasare) – County Kerry
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 52.1500° N, 10.3000° W

Drumirril Cup-and-Ring Complex – County Monaghan
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 54.1000° N, 6.9000° W

Dunloe / Beaufort Panels – County Kerry
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 52.0580° N, 9.6540° W

Iveragh Peninsula (Tullakeel Complex and adjacent sites) – County Kerry
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 51.9000° N, 10.1000° W

Knowth (Passage-Tomb Kerbstone Petroglyphs) – County Meath
Estimated dating: 3200–2900 BCE
Coordinates: 53.7100° N, 6.4850° W

Loughcrew Cairns (Megalithic Petroglyph Slabs) – County Meath
Estimated dating: 3500–3000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.7440° N, 7.0910° W

Rathruane More Cup-and-Ring Rock – County Cork
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 51.9330° N, 8.9500° W

 

4.3 France

Cham des Bondons (Cup-Marked Fields) – Lozère Department
Estimated dating: 3000–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 44.3700° N, 3.5800° E

Chauvet Cave – Ardèche Department
Estimated dating: 32,000–30,000 BCE
Coordinates: 44.3850° N, 4.4160° E

Cougnac Caves – Lot Department
Estimated dating: 30,000–25,000 BCE
Coordinates: 44.6940° N, 1.4790° E

Forêt de Fontainebleau (Engraved Shelters and Boulders) – Seine-et-Marne Department
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric to Protohistoric
Coordinates: 48.4040° N, 2.6210° E

Lascaux Cave – Dordogne Department
Estimated dating: 20,000–17,000 BCE
Coordinates: 45.0530° N, 1.1690° E

Pech Merle Cave – Lot Department
Estimated dating: 25,000–22,000 BCE
Coordinates: 44.4810° N, 1.6480° E

Roc-aux-Sorciers (Rock Frieze Site) – Vienne Department
Estimated dating: 15,000–12,000 BCE
Coordinates: 46.7000° N, 0.9160° E

Rouffignac Cave (Cave of a Hundred Mammoths) – Dordogne Department
Estimated dating: 15,000–13,000 BCE
Coordinates: 45.0330° N, 0.9830° E

Vallée de Fontanalba (Engraving Fields) – Alpes-Maritimes Department
Estimated dating: 3300–1700 BCE
Coordinates: 44.0730° N, 7.4600° E

Vallée des Merveilles (Mont Bégo Complex) – Alpes-Maritimes Department
Estimated dating: 3300–1700 BCE
Coordinates: 44.0870° N, 7.4470° E

 

4.4 Spain

Campo Lameiro Archaeological Park – Pontevedra Province, Galicia
Estimated dating: 2500–500 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 42.5500° N, 8.5500° W

Cave of Altamira – Cantabria
Estimated dating: 36,000–14,000 BCE
Coordinates: 43.3770° N, 4.1210° W

Domingo García Open-Air Engravings – Segovia Province, Castile and León
Estimated dating: Paleolithic to Iron Age (multi-phase)
Coordinates: 41.0430° N, 4.4090° W

Petroglifo de Mogor – Marín, Pontevedra Province
Estimated dating: 2000–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 42.3800° N, 8.7200° W

Rías Baixas Petroglyph Belt – Pontevedra and A Coruña Provinces, Galicia
Estimated dating: 2500–500 BCE
Coordinates: 42.6500° N, 8.9000° W

Roca dels Moros de Cogul – Lleida Province, Catalonia
Estimated dating: 7000–1000 BCE (long sequence)
Coordinates: 41.4730° N, 0.6760° E

Rock Art of the Mediterranean Basin (UNESCO Cluster) – Catalonia, Valencia, Aragon, Murcia, Andalusia
Estimated dating: 7000–500 BCE
Coordinates: 40.0000° N, 0.5000° W (representative center)

Siega Verde Petroglyphs – Salamanca Province, Castile and León
Estimated dating: 20,000–12,000 BCE (with later additions)
Coordinates: 40.5900° N, 6.7080° W

Val do Maía Petroglyph Region – A Coruña Province, Galicia
Estimated dating: 2500–500 BCE
Coordinates: 42.8400° N, 8.6500° W

Val do Ulla Petroglyph Region – Pontevedra Province, Galicia
Estimated dating: 2500–500 BCE
Coordinates: 42.7600° N, 8.5800° W

 

4.5 Portugal

Alto da Bulha – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.0830° N, 7.1500° W

Broeira – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0800° N, 7.1400° W

Canada da Moreira – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.0850° N, 7.1450° W

Canada do Inferno / Rego da Vide – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0900° N, 7.1300° W

Faia – Pinhel, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 40.8000° N, 7.0000° W

Faia / Vale Afonsinho – Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 40.9000° N, 6.9500° W

Fonte Frieira – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0870° N, 7.1280° W

Mazouco (Douro River Engravings) – Mogadouro, Bragança District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.1050° N, 6.8060° W

Meijapão – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0820° N, 7.1360° W

Penascosa – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0660° N, 7.1350° W

Quinta da Barca – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0740° N, 7.1220° W

Quinta do Fariseu – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0780° N, 7.1300° W

Ribeira de Piscos / Quinta dos Poios – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0790° N, 7.1180° W

Ribeirinha – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.0810° N, 7.1200° W

Tejo (Tagus) Valley / Ocreza-Nisa Sector – Portalegre District
Estimated dating: Late Prehistoric
Coordinates: 39.5560° N, 7.8060° W

Vale da Figueira / Teixugo – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0700° N, 7.1100° W

Vale de Cabrões – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.0750° N, 7.1450° W

Vale de Moinhos – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0720° N, 7.1200° W

Vale de Videiro – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.0850° N, 7.1400° W

Vale do Côa (Côa Valley Archaeological Park) – Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE, with later phases
Coordinates: 41.0830° N, 7.1000° W

Vale dos Namorados – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: 25,000–10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 41.0680° N, 7.1150° W

Vermelhosa – Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda District
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic–Holocene
Coordinates: 41.0790° N, 7.1300° W

 

4.6 Italy

Bagnolo Stele – Val Camonica, Lombardy
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 46.0000° N, 10.3000° E

Cala dei Genovesi Cave – Levanzo Island, Sicily
Estimated dating: 10,000–8000 BCE
Coordinates: 38.0000° N, 12.3000° E

Dos dell’Arca / Monticolo Area (Val di Non Carvings) – Trentino-Alto Adige
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.3850° N, 11.0380° E

Giants’ Graves of Sardinia (Tomba dei Giganti Complexes) – Sardinia Region
Estimated dating: 1800–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 40.2000° N, 9.0000° E

Grotta del Genovese – Levanzo Island, Sicily
Estimated dating: 10,000–8000 BCE
Coordinates: 38.0000° N, 12.3000° E

Grotta dell’Addaura – Monte Pellegrino, Palermo, Sicily
Estimated dating: 10,000–8000 BCE
Coordinates: 38.1500° N, 13.3500° E

Matera Neolithic Caves (Sassi Di Matera Complex) – Basilicata Region
Estimated dating: 7000–3000 BCE
Coordinates: 40.6670° N, 16.6000° E

Nuraghi of Sardinia (Megalithic Tower Structures) – Sardinia Region
Estimated dating: 1900–730 BCE
Coordinates: 40.0000° N, 9.0000° E

Pizzo Tresero Alpine Petroglyphs – Lombardy (Alta Valtellina)
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.3600° N, 10.4830° E

“Prehistoric Pompeii” of the Avellino Eruption – Campania Region
Estimated dating: ca. 2000 BCE (Bronze Age villages buried by Vesuvius eruption)
Coordinates: 40.8300° N, 14.4800° E

Rupe Magna di Grosio (Valtellina Rock Engravings) – Sondrio, Lombardy
Estimated dating: 4000–1000 BCE (with later phases)
Coordinates: 46.3320° N, 10.2730° E

Stone Carvings of Val Camonica (Naquane, Seradina-Bedolina, Cemmo Sectors) – Brescia, Lombardy
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE–1000 CE (multi-phase sequence)
Coordinates: 46.0280° N, 10.3360° E

Valtellina Rock Engravings (Grosio & Grosotto Area) – Sondrio, Lombardy
Estimated dating: 4000–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 46.3300° N, 10.2700° E

 

4.7 Germany

Chiemgau Uplands Cup-Mark Stones – Bavaria
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 47.8500° N, 12.5000° E

Fichtelgebirge Cup-Mark Boulders – Bavaria
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 50.0500° N, 11.8500° E

Gondershausen Engravings – Rhineland-Palatinate (Hunsrück region)
Estimated dating: ca. 15,000 BCE (Late Magdalenian)
Coordinates: 50.1670° N, 7.4670° E

Harz Foreland Cup-Marks (Isolated Boulders) – Lower Saxony / Saxony-Anhalt
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 51.9000° N, 10.6000° E

Hohle Fels Cave – Schelklingen, Baden-Württemberg (Swabian Jura)
Estimated dating: 40,000–30,000 BCE (Aurignacian)
Coordinates: 48.3830° N, 9.7900° E

Hohlenstein-Stadel Cave – Lone Valley, Baden-Württemberg
Estimated dating: 40,000–30,000 BCE (Aurignacian)
Coordinates: 48.5500° N, 10.2000° E

Geißenklösterle Cave – Blaubeuren, Baden-Württemberg
Estimated dating: 40,000–33,000 BCE (Aurignacian)
Coordinates: 48.4000° N, 9.7900° E

Schalenstein of Bunsoh – Schleswig-Holstein
Estimated dating: Neolithic–Bronze Age
Coordinates: 54.0830° N, 9.3000° E

Straße der Megalithkultur (Megalithic Route Complex) – Lower Saxony / Schleswig-Holstein
Estimated dating: 3500–2800 BCE (Trichterbecher / Funnel-Beaker culture)
Coordinates: 52.7500° N, 8.0000° E

Vogelherd Cave – Niederstotzingen, Baden-Württemberg
Estimated dating: 40,000–30,000 BCE (Aurignacian)
Coordinates: 48.5230° N, 10.2220° E

 

4.8 Switzerland

Ardez Cup-Marked Rocks – Lower Engadine, Graubünden
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.7750° N, 10.2000° E

Binn Valley (Heidenstein / Pagan Stone) – Valais
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.3660° N, 8.2000° E

Canton Valais Cup-Mark Fields (scattered boulders and slabs) – Valais
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.2000° N, 7.3830° E

Carschenna Petroglyphs – Sils im Domleschg, Graubünden
Estimated dating: 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 46.6170° N, 9.4330° E

Lötschental (Ritual Boulder Alignments and Petroglyphs) – Valais
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.4000° N, 7.7000° E

Maggia Valley Rock Art Cluster (Aurigeno–Moghegno Sector) – Ticino
Estimated dating: 2000–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 46.2330° N, 8.7330° E

Mont Bégo Tradition Continuation Zone – Upper Ticino and Central Alps (cross-border with Italy and France)
Estimated dating: 2500–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 45.9500° N, 7.8500° E

Pian San Giacomo Rock Paintings – Graubünden (Mesolcina Valley)
Estimated dating: prehistoric (under investigation, possibly Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 46.4000° N, 9.1660° E

Val Bregaglia Petroglyphs (Soglio Vicinity) – Graubünden
Estimated dating: 2000–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 46.3330° N, 9.5500° E

Valle Maggia / Verzasca Engravings – Ticino
Estimated dating: late prehistoric to protohistoric
Coordinates: 46.2410° N, 8.8390° E

Zermatt Cup-Marked Stones (Heidenplatte / Hubelwäng) – Valais
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.0170° N, 7.7500° E

 

4.9 Austria

Bad Gastein Engraved Outcrops – Salzburg
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 47.1160° N, 13.1330° E

Dachstein / Ramsau Cup-Mark Slabs – Styria
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 47.4300° N, 13.6500° E

Kranichberg Cave Petroglyphs – Lower Austria (Eastern Alps)
Estimated dating: prehistoric, possibly Neolithic–Bronze Age
Coordinates: 47.6330° N, 15.9500° E

Karnische Alpen Cup-Marks – Carinthia
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.6000° N, 12.9000° E

Kapfenberg / Mürz Valley Cup-Marked Boulders – Styria
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 47.4500° N, 15.3000° E

Kienbachklamm Canyon Engravings – Near Bad Ischl, Upper Austria
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic (ca. 12,000–8,000 BCE)
Coordinates: 47.7000° N, 13.6170° E

Lienz Basin Petroglyphs – Tyrol / East Tyrol Border
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 46.8300° N, 12.7500° E

Salzkammergut Engraved Stones (Isolated Panels) – Upper Austria / Salzburg Region
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 47.7000° N, 13.6000° E

Stubwieswipfel Petroglyphs (Warscheneck Mountain) – Upper Austria / Styria Border
Estimated dating: Upper Paleolithic (ca. 12,000–10,000 BCE, tentative)
Coordinates: 47.6500° N, 14.3330° E

Tragöß Cup-Marked Rocks – Styria (Hochschwab Region)
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 47.5660° N, 15.0000° E

4.10 Czech Republic

Čertovy Hlavy vicinity cup-marks (isolated boulders) – Mělník District, Central Bohemian Region
Estimated dating: prehistoric (attribution debated)
Coordinates: 50.4930° N, 14.4130° E

Drahany Highlands engraved boulders (isolated finds) – South Moravian / Olomouc Regions
Estimated dating: prehistoric (limited publication)
Coordinates: 49.4000° N, 16.8000° E

Kateřinská (Catherine) Cave – Blansko District, South Moravian Region
Estimated dating: c. 5200–4200 BCE (Neolithic charcoal drawings)
Coordinates: 49.3606° N, 16.7101° E

Mladeč Caves (Upper Paleolithic art traces) – Olomouc District, Olomouc Region
Estimated dating: 40,000–25,000 BCE (Upper Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 49.7065° N, 17.0162° E

Šumava foothills cup-marked stones – South Bohemian Region
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 49.1000° N, 13.7000° E

4.11 Poland

Kadzidłowo Engraved Stones – Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 53.7000° N, 21.5000° E

Kontrewers Anthropomorphic Boulder – Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Estimated dating: historic period (16th–18th century suggested; earlier possible)
Coordinates: 51.0529° N, 20.5122° E

Krzemionki Flint Mines pictograms – Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Estimated dating: Neolithic–Bronze Age (engravings within mine adits)
Coordinates: 50.9734° N, 21.4981° E

Polish Tatras engraved clusters (shepherd/miner marks) – Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Estimated dating: 16th–18th century
Coordinates: 49.2500° N, 20.0000° E

Smoszew Cup-Marked Boulder – Greater Poland Voivodeship
Estimated dating: Bronze Age (Tumulus Culture context)
Coordinates: 51.6670° N, 17.5000° E

Swornegacie Cup-Marked Stones – Pomeranian Voivodeship
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 53.8830° N, 17.5330° E

Wadi Drawno (cup-mark clusters) – West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 53.1830° N, 15.8000° E

4.12 Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland)

Norway

Alta Rock Art (World Heritage Site) – Finnmark
Estimated dating: 7000–500 BCE
Coordinates: 69.9700° N, 23.2700° E

Bardal Rock Carvings – Steinkjer Municipality, Trøndelag
Estimated dating: 4000–0 BCE (Stone Age through Iron Age)
Coordinates: 64.0447° N, 11.3914° E

Bogge Carvings – Møre og Romsdal
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 62.1830° N, 6.8500° E

Bøla Rock Carvings – Steinkjer Municipality, Trøndelag
Estimated dating: 6000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 64.0375° N, 11.4600° E

Evenhus Rock Carvings – Frosta Municipality, Trøndelag
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 63.5780° N, 10.7000° E

Forbergodden Rock Carvings – Farsund Municipality, Agder
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 58.1000° N, 6.7800° E

Fossum Carvings – Skien, Telemark
Estimated dating: 1500–500 BCE (Late Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 59.2130° N, 9.6170° E

Gerdberget Carvings – Farsund Municipality, Agder
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 58.0850° N, 6.7600° E

Grobstranda Rock Carvings – Farsund Municipality, Agder
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 58.0900° N, 6.7700° E

Hell Carvings – Stjørdal Municipality, Trøndelag
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 63.4400° N, 10.9100° E

Jærberget Rock Carvings – Farsund Municipality, Agder
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.0970° N, 6.7500° E

Leirfall Rock Carvings – Stjørdal Municipality, Trøndelag
Estimated dating: 1700–500 BCE
Coordinates: 63.4650° N, 10.9000° E

Lista Carvings – Farsund Municipality, Agder
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 58.1000° N, 6.7000° E

Løberg Carvings – Skien, Telemark
Estimated dating: 1500–500 BCE
Coordinates: 59.2120° N, 9.6350° E

Mæla Carvings – Skien, Telemark
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 59.2150° N, 9.6100° E

Stykket Rock Carvings – Verdal Municipality, Trøndelag
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 63.8330° N, 11.4830° E

Venstøp Carvings – Skien, Telemark
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 59.2250° N, 9.6000° E

Vingen Rock Carvings – Bremanger, Vestland
Estimated dating: 4000–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 61.9700° N, 5.1600° E

Wattenberg Carvings – Skien, Telemark
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 59.2100° N, 9.6050° E

Sweden

Tanum Rock Carvings (UNESCO World Heritage Site) – Västra Götaland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.7000° N, 11.3160° E

Vitlycke Carvings – Tanum, Västra Götaland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.7030° N, 11.3170° E

Fossum Carvings – Tanum, Västra Götaland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.7060° N, 11.3200° E

Litsleby Carvings – Tanum, Västra Götaland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.7100° N, 11.3000° E

Aspeberget Carvings – Tanum, Västra Götaland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.7200° N, 11.3300° E

Massleberg Carvings – Tanum, Västra Götaland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.7400° N, 11.3400° E

Tisselskog Carvings – Dalsland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.9000° N, 12.3330° E

Himmelstalund Rock Carvings – Östergötland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 58.6000° N, 16.1500° E

Boglösa Rock Carvings – Uppland
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 59.6160° N, 17.0500° E

Nämforsen Petroglyphs – Ångermanland
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 63.4000° N, 16.9500° E

Järrestad Rock Carvings – Skåne
Estimated dating: 1800–500 BCE
Coordinates: 55.5330° N, 14.3000° E

Kiviksgraven (King’s Grave) – Skåne
Estimated dating: 1400–1100 BCE
Coordinates: 55.7000° N, 14.2500° E

Glösa Petroglyphs – Jämtland
Estimated dating: 5000–4000 BCE
Coordinates: 63.4160° N, 14.3660° E

Gärde Petroglyphs – Jämtland
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 63.0660° N, 14.5330° E

Denmark

Madsebakke Petroglyphs – Bornholm Island
Estimated dating: 1000–500 BCE
Coordinates: 55.2700° N, 14.7660° E

Hammersholm Carvings – Bornholm Island
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 55.2800° N, 14.7300° E

Blåholt Carvings – Bornholm Island
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 55.2500° N, 14.7830° E

Lille Strandbygård Carvings – Bornholm Island
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 55.2400° N, 14.7800° E

Storløkkebakken Carvings – Bornholm Island
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 55.2450° N, 14.7700° E

Ringeby Cup-Marked Stone – Bornholm Island
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 55.2350° N, 14.7600° E

Villfara Mound Carved Stone – Scania (historic Denmark, now Sweden)
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 56.1160° N, 14.1830° E

Finland

Astuvansalmi Rock Paintings and Engravings – South Savo
Estimated dating: 4000–500 BCE
Coordinates: 61.4830° N, 27.8830° E

Saraakallio Rock Paintings – Central Finland (Laukaa)
Estimated dating: 6600–500 BCE
Coordinates: 62.4330° N, 25.9000° E

Värikallio Rock Paintings – Kainuu (Hossa National Park)
Estimated dating: 4500–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 65.4600° N, 29.5200° E

Hvitträsk Rock Paintings – Uusimaa (Kirkkonummi)
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 60.1660° N, 24.4830° E

Juusjärvi Rock Paintings – Uusimaa (Kirkkonummi)
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 60.1830° N, 24.4330° E

Haukkavuori Rock Paintings – Kymenlaakso (Iitti)
Estimated dating: 3000–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 60.9160° N, 26.3660° E

Löppösenluola (Löppönen’s Cave) Paintings – South Savo (Ristiina area)
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 61.5160° N, 27.7830° E

Syrjäsalmi Rock Paintings – North Karelia
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 62.8830° N, 29.3000° E

Kalamaniemi Rock Paintings – South Savo
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 61.6000° N, 28.0160° E

Ievasvuori Rock Paintings – South Savo
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 61.6500° N, 27.9500° E

Värikallio II Rock Paintings (secondary cluster) – Hossa National Park, Kainuu
Estimated dating: 4000–1500 BCE
Coordinates: 65.4700° N, 29.5300° E

Pyhänpää Rock Paintings – Northern Savonia
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 62.8330° N, 27.8000° E

Vitträsk-Högberget Rock Paintings – Uusimaa
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 60.1500° N, 24.5000° E

Ristiina Pitkäniemi Rock Paintings – South Savo
Estimated dating: 4000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 61.5200° N, 27.8700° E

Korsnäs Rock Paintings – Ostrobothnia
Estimated dating: 3000–1000 BCE
Coordinates: 62.9500° N, 21.1830° E

 

4.13 Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania)

Estonia

Rebala Cup-Marked Stones – Harju County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 59.4500° N, 25.0500° E

Massu (Läätsikivi) Cup-Marked Stone – Lääne County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 58.6160° N, 23.6330° E

Pirgu Cup-Marked Stone – Rapla County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 59.0330° N, 24.9660° E

Valasti Cup-Marked Stone – Järva County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 59.0160° N, 25.7660° E

Süvalepa Cup-Marked Stone – Jõgeva County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 58.7000° N, 26.6160° E

Pärna Cup-Marked Stone – Lääne-Viru County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 59.4330° N, 26.6660° E

Elistvere Cup-Marked Stone – Jõgeva County
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 58.5830° N, 26.6160° E

Latvia

Daugmale Petroglyphs (near Salaspils) – Riga Region
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 56.8500° N, 24.2000° E

Černauski Sacred Stone – Latgale Region
Estimated dating: prehistoric (attribution debated)
Coordinates: 56.0160° N, 27.0000° E

Kaķu Cup-Marked Stone – Inčukalns, Vidzeme Region
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 57.1000° N, 24.7000° E

Krimulda Devil’s Stone (Lielais Akmens) – Gauja River Valley, Vidzeme Region
Estimated dating: prehistoric (sacred cult stone with associated spring)
Coordinates: 57.1660° N, 24.8330° E

Virtaka Cliff Petroglyphs – Gauja River, Vidzeme Region
Estimated dating: Bronze–Iron Age
Coordinates: 57.2500° N, 25.0500° E

Lithuania

Šventoji Coastal Petroglyphs (isolated finds) – Klaipėda County
Estimated dating: c. 1000–500 BCE
Coordinates: 56.0500° N, 21.0830° E

Valiulio Akmuo (Valiulis’ Stone) – Utena County
Estimated dating: c. 1200–500 BCE
Coordinates: 55.5160° N, 25.9830° E

Akmuo su Sukūrėliais (Stone with Spirals) – Vilnius County
Estimated dating: c. 800–200 BCE
Coordinates: 54.7160° N, 25.3160° E

Runų Akmuo (Runic Stone) – Vilnius County
Estimated dating: c. 700–1100 CE
Coordinates: 54.7160° N, 25.3160° E

Akmeniškiai Cup-Marked Stone – Telšiai County
Estimated dating: c. 1500–800 BCE
Coordinates: 56.0500° N, 22.2330° E

4.14 Netherlands

Tynaarlo Cup-Marked Stones – Drenthe Province
Estimated dating: Bronze Age
Coordinates: 53.0830° N, 6.5830° E

Havelte Dolmen Carvings (D53–D54 complex) – Drenthe Province
Estimated dating: 3000–2000 BCE
Coordinates: 52.7850° N, 6.2650° E

Balloo Hunebed Cup-Marked Capstone (D16) – Drenthe Province
Estimated dating: Neolithic c. 3400–3000 BCE; cup-marks likely Bronze Age
Coordinates: 53.0004° N, 6.6189° E

Odoorn Hunebed Cup-Marks (D32) – Drenthe Province
Estimated dating: Neolithic c. 3400–3000 BCE; cup-marks likely Bronze Age
Coordinates: 52.8574° N, 6.8388° E

Papeloze Kerk Hunebed Cup-Marks (D49) – Drenthe Province
Estimated dating: Neolithic c. 3400–3000 BCE; cup-marks likely Bronze Age
Coordinates: 52.8200° N, 6.7738° E

 

4.15 Belgium

Roche-aux-Faucons Cup-Marks – Liège Province
Estimated dating: c. 1200–500 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 50.5500° N, 5.5830° E

Bois de Jalhay Cup-Marked Stones – Liège Province
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–400 CE (Late Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 50.5670° N, 5.9500° E

Wéris Megalithic Field Cup-Marks – Luxembourg Province
Estimated dating: c. 3000–2000 BCE (Late Neolithic)
Coordinates: 50.3500° N, 5.5400° E

Oppagne Dolmen Cup-Marked Slabs – Luxembourg Province
Estimated dating: c. 3000–2500 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 50.3400° N, 5.5400° E

Pierre Haina Cup-Marked Boulder – Luxembourg Province
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1500 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 50.3560° N, 5.5450° E

 

4.16 Greece

Mount Olympos Engraved Panels (Pieria) – Central Macedonia
Estimated dating: c. 1800–800 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 40.0500° N, 22.3500° E

Pindus Range Petroglyphs (Epirus) – Ioannina Region
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 39.8500° N, 20.7500° E

Thasos Island Cup-Marks – Northern Aegean
Estimated dating: c. 1500–800 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 40.7000° N, 24.7000° E

Crete (Mount Ida vicinity) – Heraklion Region
Estimated dating: c. 2000–900 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 35.2200° N, 24.9000° E

Profitis Ilias Rock Art – East Macedonia and Thrace (near Philippi)
Estimated dating: c. 1500–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.0000° N, 24.3160° E

Mount Paggaio Rock Paintings – East Macedonia and Thrace
Estimated dating: c. 1500–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 40.9160° N, 24.0000° E

Kryoneri Engraved Rocks – East Macedonia and Thrace (Mount Lekani foothills)
Estimated dating: c. 1800–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 40.8830° N, 24.5660° E

Angitis Gorge Rock Art – East Macedonia and Thrace (near Alistrati Cave)
Estimated dating: c. 2000–800 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 41.0830° N, 24.0160° E

Theopetra Cave Engravings – Thessaly (Trikala Region)
Estimated dating: c. 45,000–8,000 BCE (Middle Paleolithic to Mesolithic)
Coordinates: 39.7200° N, 21.6200° E

Irakleia Island Spiral Petroglyphs – Cyclades
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 36.8660° N, 25.4660° E

 

4.17 Bulgaria

Belintash Plateau Petroglyphs – Plovdiv Province
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 41.8330° N, 24.7830° E

Madara Rider (Rock Relief) – Shumen Province
Estimated dating: c. 700 CE (Proto-Bulgarian Period)
Coordinates: 43.2760° N, 27.1210° E

Perperikon Carved Complex – Kardzhali Province
Estimated dating: c. 5000 BCE–500 CE (Neolithic–Classical Antiquity)
Coordinates: 41.7150° N, 25.4650° E

Magura Cave Paintings – Vidin Province (near Rabisha village)
Estimated dating: c. 8000–3000 BCE (Epipaleolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 43.7280° N, 22.5880° E

Tatul Rock-Hewn Sanctuary – Kardzhali Province
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 41.6160° N, 25.3660° E

Orlovi Skali (Eagles’ Rocks) – Kardzhali Province (near Ardino)
Estimated dating: c. 1200–500 BCE (Late Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.6000° N, 25.0830° E

Begliktash Rock Sanctuary – Burgas Province (Strandzha Mountains)
Estimated dating: c. 1500–400 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 42.2660° N, 27.7330° E

Gluhite Kamani (Deaf Stones) – Haskovo Province (Eastern Rhodope Mountains)
Estimated dating: c. 1500–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.6830° N, 25.9830° E

Rock-Hewn Churches of Ivanovo – Ruse Province
Estimated dating: c. 1200–1400 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.7160° N, 25.9830° E

 

4.18 Romania

Măgura Cave Petroglyphs – Buzău County
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 45.2830° N, 26.5830° E

Cozia Valley Engravings – Vâlcea County
Estimated dating: c. 1800–600 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 45.2700° N, 24.3300° E

Mănăstirea Cetăţuia (Carved Crosses and Symbols) – Neamţ County
Estimated dating: c. 1200–1500 CE (Medieval continuation of prehistoric motifs)
Coordinates: 47.0000° N, 26.3500° E

Coliboaia Cave Paintings – Bihor County (Apuseni Natural Park)
Estimated dating: c. 35,000–23,000 BCE (Aurignacian–Gravettian)
Coordinates: 46.5650° N, 22.5830° E

Cuciulat Cave Paintings – Sălaj County
Estimated dating: c. 12,000–10,000 BCE (Late Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 47.3160° N, 23.3160° E

Pârcălabu Cave Paintings – Gorj County (near Baia de Fier)
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–7000 BCE (Late Paleolithic–Mesolithic)
Coordinates: 45.1830° N, 23.7660° E

Nucu–Aluniş Rock Sanctuaries – Buzău County
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–400 CE (Thracian–Geto-Dacian–Roman)
Coordinates: 45.3830° N, 26.5330° E

Șinca Veche Cave Monastery (Temple of Fate) – Brașov County
Estimated dating: c. 700–1200 CE (Early Medieval with prehistoric origins)
Coordinates: 45.7830° N, 25.2660° E

Polovragi Cave Inscriptions – Gorj County
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–400 CE (Bronze Age through Dacian period)
Coordinates: 45.2000° N, 23.7660° E

4.19 Serbia

Rajac Petroglyphs – Zaječar District
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 43.9000° N, 22.3500° E

Lisac Hill Engravings – Nišava District
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 43.3000° N, 22.0500° E

Petrovaradin Rock Symbols – South Bačka District
Estimated dating: c. 800 BCE–200 CE (Iron Age to Roman Period)
Coordinates: 45.2500° N, 19.8660° E

Gabrovnica Cave Paintings – Zaječar District (near Knjaževac)
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–5000 BCE (Late Paleolithic–Mesolithic)
Coordinates: 43.6000° N, 22.3160° E

Gamzigrad (Romuliana) Carved Complex – Zaječar District
Estimated dating: c. 300–400 CE (Roman Imperial Period)
Coordinates: 43.9000° N, 22.1750° E

Mramorje Stećci Field – Bajina Bašta Municipality (Perućac)
Estimated dating: c. 1300–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.9700° N, 19.4000° E

Metaljka Medieval Grave Site – Zagrađe Area
Estimated dating: c. 1300–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.5800° N, 19.4000° E

Grčko Groblje (“Greek Cemetery”) Stećci – Prijepolje Region
Estimated dating: c. 1300–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.4000° N, 19.6500° E

Čarnok Carved Stone Site – Central Serbia
Estimated dating: c. 1000–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 44.0000° N, 20.7000° E

 

4.20 Croatia

Velebit Mountain Petroglyphs – Lika-Senj County
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 44.6000° N, 15.0000° E

Krupa River Carvings – Zadar County
Estimated dating: c. 1500–800 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 44.2000° N, 15.8330° E

Dubovac Cup-Marks – Karlovac County
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 45.5000° N, 15.5500° E

Romuald’s Cave Paintings – Istria County (near Lim Channel)
Estimated dating: c. 34,000–12,000 BCE (Upper Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 45.1350° N, 13.7150° E

Vindija Cave Artifacts – Varaždin County
Estimated dating: c. 45,000–30,000 BCE (Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition)
Coordinates: 46.2100° N, 16.1700° E

Hušnjakovo (Krapina) Neanderthal Site – Krapina-Zagorje County
Estimated dating: c. 130,000–30,000 BCE (Middle Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 46.1600° N, 15.8700° E

Šandalja II Cave – Istria County (near Pula)
Estimated dating: c. 18,000–12,000 BCE (Late Upper Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 44.8800° N, 13.8800° E

Velika Pećina Cave – Krapina-Zagorje County
Estimated dating: c. 130,000–50,000 BCE (Middle Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 46.0000° N, 15.8500° E

Veternica Cave – City of Zagreb
Estimated dating: c. 100,000–40,000 BCE (Middle Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 45.8700° N, 15.8600° E

Velika Pećina u Klićevici – Zadar County
Estimated dating: c. 100,000–40,000 BCE (Middle Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 44.2000° N, 15.6500° E

Mujina Pećina – Split-Dalmatia County
Estimated dating: c. 50,000–35,000 BCE (Middle Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 43.5700° N, 16.2700° E

 

4.21 Slovenia

Notranjska Cup-Marked Stones – Inner Carniola Region
Estimated dating: c. 1500–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 45.8000° N, 14.3500° E

Tolminska Korita Engravings – Tolmin Region
Estimated dating: c. 1800–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 46.2000° N, 13.7300° E

Vremščica Cup-Marks – Postojna Area
Estimated dating: c. 1500–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 45.7000° N, 14.0000° E

Partizanska Jama (Partisan Cave) Red Drawing – Slovenian Istria (near Gračišče)
Estimated dating: c. 7000–4000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 45.5000° N, 13.8830° E

Škocjan Caves Archaeological Zone – Coastal-Karst Region
Estimated dating: c. 30,000 BCE–500 BCE (Paleolithic to Iron Age occupation)
Coordinates: 45.6660° N, 13.9830° E

Hudičeve Skale (Devil’s Rocks) Ritual Landscape – Styria (Maribor Region)
Estimated dating: c. 800–500 BCE (Early Iron Age through Early Slavic period use)
Coordinates: 46.5500° N, 15.5830° E

Cave of Iapodes Vicinity Hillfort Complex – Southwestern Slovenia
Estimated dating: c. 1200–400 BCE (Iron Age fortifications and ritual structures)
Coordinates: 45.6500° N, 14.2500° E

 

4.22 Hungary

Tiszalúc Cup-Marked Stone – Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
Estimated dating: c. 1800–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 48.0000° N, 21.0000° E

Mátra Mountains Cup-Marks – Heves County
Estimated dating: c. 1500–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 47.9000° N, 20.0000° E

Szár Rock Symbols – Fejér County
Estimated dating: c. 1800–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 47.4500° N, 18.5500° E

Kaptár-kövek (Beehive Stones) – Bükkalja Region (near Eger, Heves/Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Counties)
Estimated dating: c. 400–1000 CE (Migration Period to Early Medieval)
Coordinates: 47.9000° N, 20.3500° E

 

4.23 Slovakia

Trenčianske Teplice Cup-Marked Boulders – Trenčín Region
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 48.9000° N, 18.1700° E

Spiš Region Engraved Stones – Prešov Region
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 49.0000° N, 20.7000° E

Nitra Valley Cup-Marks – Nitra Region
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 48.2500° N, 18.0000° E

Domica Cave Geometric Engravings – Košice Region (Slovak Karst)
Estimated dating: c. 5000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Copper Age)
Coordinates: 48.4660° N, 20.4660° E

Ardovská Cave Rock Drawings – Košice Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Copper Age)
Coordinates: 48.5160° N, 20.4660° E

Praslen Cave Petroglyphs – Košice Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Copper Age)
Coordinates: 48.5160° N, 20.4500° E

 

4.24 Bosnia & Herzegovina

Blagaj Petroglyphs – Herzegovina-Neretva Canton
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 43.3400° N, 17.8900° E

Kupres Cup-Marked Slabs – Canton 10
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 43.9900° N, 17.2700° E

Konjic Region Engravings – Herzegovina-Neretva Canton
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 43.6500° N, 18.0500° E

Badanj Cave Engraving – Herzegovina-Neretva Canton (near Stolac)
Estimated dating: c. 14,000–12,000 BCE (Late Upper Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 43.0830° N, 17.9500° E

Radimlja Necropolis Stećci – Herzegovina-Neretva Canton (near Stolac)
Estimated dating: c. 1200–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.1000° N, 17.9400° E

Umoljani Necropolis Stećci – Sarajevo Canton
Estimated dating: c. 1300–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.6830° N, 18.2330° E

Dugo Polje Stećci – Central Bosnia Canton
Estimated dating: c. 1200–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.6500° N, 18.2160° E

Morine Necropolis Stećci – East Herzegovina Region
Estimated dating: c. 1200–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.5500° N, 18.4160° E

Velike Grebenice Stećci – Herzegovina Region
Estimated dating: c. 1300–1500 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 43.4000° N, 17.9500° E

 

4.25 Albania

Cave of Treni Petroglyphs – Korçë County
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 40.6200° N, 20.6600° E

Selca e Poshtme Carvings – Korçë County
Estimated dating: c. 1000–300 BCE (Late Bronze–Hellenistic Period)
Coordinates: 40.9500° N, 20.5500° E

Butrint Sanctuary Engravings – Vlorë County
Estimated dating: c. 1500–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 39.7500° N, 20.0200° E

Kryegjata Valley Rock Art – Fier County
Estimated dating: c. 4000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 40.8500° N, 19.5500° E

Goranxi Rock Art – Gjirokastër County
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 40.0330° N, 20.1830° E

Maliq Rock Art Site – Korçë County
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1500 BCE (Early–Middle Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 40.7000° N, 20.7500° E

Konispol Cave Paintings – Vlorë County
Estimated dating: c. 6000–3000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 39.6660° N, 20.1830° E

Blaz Cave Petroglyphs – Shkodër County
Estimated dating: c. 5000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 42.1000° N, 19.6000° E

Gajtan Cave Engravings – Shkodër County
Estimated dating: c. 4000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 42.0500° N, 19.6000° E

 

4.26 North Macedonia

Kokino Megalithic Observatory (carved symbols) – Kumanovo Region
Estimated dating: c. 1800–1200 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 42.2600° N, 21.9500° E

Tatulac Hill Petroglyphs – Prilep Region
Estimated dating: c. 1000–300 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.2800° N, 21.5800° E

Mariovo Rock Art Sites – Pelagonia Region
Estimated dating: c. 1500–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.2300° N, 21.6500° E

Cočev Kamen Rock Engravings and Ritual Site – Kratovo Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Copper Age)
Coordinates: 42.0000° N, 22.6000° E

Zvegor Stone Carvings – Delčevo Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1800–800 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 42.0330° N, 22.8330° E

Markovi Kuli Carved Fortress Stones – Prilep Region
Estimated dating: c. 1200 BCE–300 CE (Bronze Age to Hellenistic Continuation)
Coordinates: 41.3360° N, 21.5400° E

Demir Kapija Rock Sanctuary – Vardar Region
Estimated dating: c. 2000–800 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.4000° N, 22.2500° E

Gradiste Hilltop Carvings – Bitola Region
Estimated dating: c. 1500–600 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 41.0500° N, 21.3000° E

4.27 Ukraine

Kamyana Mohyla (Petrified Hill Sanctuary) – Zaporizhzhia Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 12,000–1000 BCE (Late Paleolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 46.9000° N, 35.3000° E

Podolia Rock Art (Smolenskoye area) – Vinnytsia Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 48.6500° N, 28.0000° E

Dnipro Rapids Petroglyphs – Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 48.4000° N, 35.0500° E

Dovbush Rocks (Bubnyshche Complex) – Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 900–1300 CE (Early Medieval; traces of earlier use)
Coordinates: 48.4000° N, 24.5330° E

Eski-Kermen Cave City – Autonomous Republic of Crimea
Estimated dating: c. 600–1400 CE (Byzantine to Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 44.6330° N, 33.8000° E

Ascension Caves Carvings – Kherson Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 600–900 CE (Kyivan Rus / Viking Era)
Coordinates: 46.6000° N, 32.6000° E

Khortytsia Island Rock Engravings – Zaporizhzhia Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 3000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 47.8330° N, 35.0830° E

Bilozerka Petroglyph Stones – Kherson Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 2000–800 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 46.8000° N, 32.5000° E

Olhivka Carved Slabs – Mykolaiv Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 1500–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 47.0830° N, 31.8830° E

4.28 Moldova

Old Orhei (Orheiul Vechi) Cave Symbols – Orhei District
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–1400 CE (Bronze Age to Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 47.3100° N, 28.9700° E

Soroca Region Cup-Marked Rocks – Soroca District
Estimated dating: c. 1800–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 48.1500° N, 28.3000° E

Codru Forest Shelter Marks – Central Moldova
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 47.1000° N, 28.3000° E

Ţipova Cave Monastery Carvings – Rezina District
Estimated dating: c. 900–1200 CE (Early Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 47.6400° N, 28.9500° E

Saharna Cave Complex and Cliff Inscriptions – Rezina District
Estimated dating: c. 1000–1300 CE (Medieval Period)
Coordinates: 47.6660° N, 28.9660° E

Rudi Monastery Cave Dwellings – Soroca District
Estimated dating: c. 1500 BCE–1200 CE (Bronze Age origins to Medieval occupation)
Coordinates: 48.2330° N, 27.9670° E

Trinca Cave Complex – Edineț District
Estimated dating: c. 4000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 48.2500° N, 27.4660° E

Trebisăuți Cliff Carvings – Briceni District
Estimated dating: c. 1500–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 48.2830° N, 27.0000° E

4.29 Russia (European Region)

Onega Petroglyphs – Lake Onega, Republic of Karelia
Estimated dating: c. 5000–2000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 62.2160° N, 35.2500° E

White Sea Petroglyphs – Belomorsk Area, Karelia
Estimated dating: c. 5000–2000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 64.5000° N, 34.8000° E

Oleny Island Petroglyphs – Lake Onega Region, Karelia
Estimated dating: c. 5000–3000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 62.0500° N, 35.5000° E

Vishera Petroglyphs – Perm Krai
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 60.5000° N, 57.3000° E

Volga River Petroglyphs – Samara Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 53.3000° N, 50.0000° E

Kanozero Petroglyphs – Kola Peninsula, Murmansk Oblast
Estimated dating: c. 3000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 67.0830° N, 36.5830° E

Shulgan-Tash (Kapova) Cave Paintings – Bashkortostan, Southern Urals
Estimated dating: c. 18,000–12,000 BCE (Late Paleolithic)
Coordinates: 53.0500° N, 57.0500° E

Tom River Petroglyphs – Kemerovo Region (western Siberian border, European cultural sphere overlap)
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 55.3330° N, 87.0830° E

Ust-Polui Carved Stone Fragments – Yamalo-Nenets Area
Estimated dating: c. 500 BCE–500 CE (Iron Age)
Coordinates: 66.0000° N, 67.0000° E

Zhiguli Cliffs Petroglyphs – Samara Bend, Volga River
Estimated dating: c. 3500–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 53.3000° N, 49.8000° E

5. Middle East

5.1 Turkey (Anatolia)

atmos Mountains (Beşparmak Dağları) – Muğla/Aydın Provinces
Estimated dating: c. 6000–1500 BCE (Late Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 37.5500° N, 27.7000° E

Göbekli Tepe (Carved T-Pillars and Reliefs) – Şanlıurfa Province
Estimated dating: c. 9600–8200 BCE (Pre-Pottery Neolithic A–B)
Coordinates: 37.2230° N, 38.9220° E

Karain Cave (Engravings and Incised Symbols) – Antalya Province
Estimated dating: c. 30,000–10,000 BCE (Upper Paleolithic–Epipaleolithic)
Coordinates: 37.0210° N, 30.5900° E

Tuz Gölü Petroglyphs – Aksaray Province
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 38.7500° N, 33.3500° E

Karakuyu Rock Art – Diyarbakır Province
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Early Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 37.9500° N, 40.1000° E

Karahantepe Petroglyphs and Sculptures – Şanlıurfa Province
Estimated dating: c. 9500–8500 BCE (Pre-Pottery Neolithic)
Coordinates: 37.1820° N, 39.0000° E

Sayburç Relief Complex – Şanlıurfa Province
Estimated dating: c. 9000 BCE (Pre-Pottery Neolithic B)
Coordinates: 37.3300° N, 39.0300° E

Camuşlu Petroglyphs – Kars Province
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–7000 BCE (Late Stone Age)
Coordinates: 40.8000° N, 43.1000° E

Atatürk Reservoir Rock Engravings – Adıyaman Province
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 37.7000° N, 38.4000° E

Mersin (Gülnar District) Cave Paintings – Mersin Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000–4000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 36.2000° N, 33.4000° E

Yazılıkaya Rock Sanctuary – Çorum Province
Estimated dating: c. 1300–1200 BCE (Late Hittite Period)
Coordinates: 40.0330° N, 34.6830° E

Phrygian Valley Rock-Cut Monuments – Eskişehir / Afyonkarahisar Provinces
Estimated dating: c. 800–600 BCE (Phrygian Period)
Coordinates: 39.1500° N, 30.4500° E

Lycian Rock Tombs (Myra / Fethiye / Pinara) – Antalya / Muğla Provinces
Estimated dating: c. 400–200 BCE (Classical–Hellenistic Period)
Coordinates: 36.2500° N, 29.9830° E

Mount Nemrut Statue Complex – Adıyaman Province
Estimated dating: c. 100 BCE (Hellenistic Period, King Antiochus I of Commagene)
Coordinates: 37.9830° N, 38.7330° E

Cappadocia Rock-Cut Churches and Frescoes – Nevşehir Province
Estimated dating: c. 300–1200 CE (Byzantine Period)
Coordinates: 38.6430° N, 34.8290° E

Hasuni Caves Settlement – Diyarbakır Province
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–1200 CE (Iron Age to Medieval)
Coordinates: 38.1330° N, 41.1500° E

5.2 Cyprus

Ayia Irini Rock Carvings – Kyrenia District
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.2000° N, 33.0000° E

Kalavasos Tenta Petroglyph Stones – Larnaca District
Estimated dating: c. 7000–4000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 34.7420° N, 33.3000° E

Lempa Valley Cup-Marked Slabs – Paphos District
Estimated dating: c. 3500–2000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 34.8500° N, 32.4000° E

Tombs of the Kings Rock-Cut Necropolis – Paphos District
Estimated dating: c. 400 BCE–300 CE (Hellenistic–Roman Period)
Coordinates: 34.7760° N, 32.4060° E

Choirokoitia (Khirokitia) Neolithic Stone Settlement – Larnaca District
Estimated dating: c. 7000–5200 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 34.8000° N, 33.3330° E

Tenta at Kalavasos Neolithic Site – Larnaca District
Estimated dating: c. 7000–6000 BCE (Early Neolithic)
Coordinates: 34.7400° N, 33.3000° E

Fabrika Hill Cave Complex – Paphos District
Estimated dating: c. 500 BCE–300 CE (Classical–Roman Period)
Coordinates: 34.7750° N, 32.4100° E

Amathous Rock-Cut Structures – Limassol District
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–300 CE (Bronze Age through Greco-Roman Period)
Coordinates: 34.7000° N, 33.1330° E

Agia Solomoni Catacomb – Paphos District
Estimated dating: c. 200–700 CE (Late Roman–Early Byzantine Period)
Coordinates: 34.7660° N, 32.4160° E

Ancient Church Cave (Paphos Cave Shrine) – Paphos District
Estimated dating: c. 200 BCE–600 CE (Hellenistic–Early Christian Period)
Coordinates: 34.7700° N, 32.4100° E

 

5.3 Lebanon

Ain Dar Rock Art – Bekaa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Early Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 33.9000° N, 35.8500° E

Falaise de Kfardebian Carvings – Mount Lebanon Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–700 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 33.9830° N, 35.8300° E

Hermel Relief Stone (Kamouh el Hermel Monument) – Bekaa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1000–500 BCE (Iron Age)
Coordinates: 34.4000° N, 36.3700° E

Cuneiform Inscription at Wadi Brissa – Bekaa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1200–900 BCE (Late Bronze–Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 34.0500° N, 36.0500° E

Commemorative Stelae of Nahr el-Kalb – Mount Lebanon Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1300 BCE–1900 CE (Bronze Age to Ottoman Period)
Coordinates: 33.9660° N, 35.6330° E

The Great Phoenician Trench (Rock-Cut Complex) – North Governorate (Enfeh)
Estimated dating: c. 1200–500 BCE (Late Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 34.3500° N, 35.7000° E

Ras Baalbek Rock Shelter Engravings – Bekaa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–4000 BCE (Epipaleolithic–Neolithic)
Coordinates: 34.2660° N, 36.4000° E

Jeita Grotto (Prehistoric Human Use Layers) – Mount Lebanon Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 50,000–10,000 BCE (Middle–Upper Paleolithic occupation evidence)
Coordinates: 33.9500° N, 35.6400° E

Baalbek Megalithic Stone Carvings (Trilithon Quarry) – Bekaa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 100 BCE–100 CE (Roman Period)
Coordinates: 34.0060° N, 36.2030° E

5.4 Israel / Palestine

Negev Desert Petroglyphs – Southern District
Estimated dating: c. 8000 BCE–1000 CE (Epipaleolithic through Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 30.9000° N, 34.8000° E

Timna Valley Rock Art – Southern District
Estimated dating: c. 3000–500 BCE (Early Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.8000° N, 35.0000° E

Har Karkom Sanctuary – Southern District
Estimated dating: c. 9000–1000 BCE (Paleolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 30.3140° N, 34.5830° E

Jericho Hills Cup-Marks – West Bank
Estimated dating: c. 8000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 31.8500° N, 35.4500° E

Shamir Dolmen Ceiling Engravings – Northern District
Estimated dating: c. 3500–2000 BCE (Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.2000° N, 35.6500° E

Yehudiya Nature Reserve Horned-Animal Panel – Northern District
Estimated dating: c. 3500–2000 BCE (Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 32.9500° N, 35.7000° E

Kiryat Shemona Dolmen Face Stone – Northern District
Estimated dating: c. 3500–2000 BCE (Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.2100° N, 35.5700° E

Mount Sedom (Salt Mountain) Petroglyphs – Southern District
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 31.0330° N, 35.3850° E

Mount Tabor Rock Shelter Engravings – Northern District
Estimated dating: c. 6000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 32.6830° N, 35.3830° E

Qumran Cliff Carvings (adjacent to Dead Sea Scroll Caves) – West Bank
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–100 CE (Bronze Age–Second Temple Period)
Coordinates: 31.7400° N, 35.4600° E

Mount Gerizim Carved Shrine Remains – Nablus Region, West Bank
Estimated dating: c. 1200–200 BCE (Iron Age–Hellenistic)
Coordinates: 32.2000° N, 35.2830° E

Wadi el-Hasa Petroglyph Clusters – Southern Jordan / West Bank Border
Estimated dating: c. 7000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 31.2660° N, 35.6660° E

5.5 Jordan

Wadi Rum Petroglyphs – Aqaba Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000 BCE–1000 CE (Neolithic–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 29.5800° N, 35.4200° E

Petra Rock Engravings – Ma’an Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–400 CE (Edomite–Nabataean–Roman Periods)
Coordinates: 30.3300° N, 35.4400° E

Wadi Quseiba Cup-Marked Panels – Mafraq Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 32.0000° N, 36.1000° E

Khazali Canyon Petroglyphs – Aqaba Governorate (Wadi Rum)
Estimated dating: c. 4000 BCE–1000 CE (Bronze Age to Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 29.4800° N, 35.4300° E

Lawrence Spring (Ain Abu Aineh) Petroglyphs – Aqaba Governorate (Wadi Rum)
Estimated dating: c. 4000–500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.5600° N, 35.4300° E

Alameleh Rock Art Panels – Aqaba Governorate (Wadi Rum)
Estimated dating: c. 3500–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.6000° N, 35.4000° E

Jabal Qurma Petroglyph Fields – Zarqa Governorate (Eastern Desert)
Estimated dating: c. 4000 BCE–1000 CE (Neolithic–Islamic)
Coordinates: 31.6660° N, 36.4330° E

Wisad Pools Petroglyphs – Eastern Desert (Black Desert)
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 31.8500° N, 37.3330° E

Wadi Qattafi Rock Art Clusters – Eastern Desert
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 32.0000° N, 37.0000° E

Ruwaished Petroglyph Sites – Eastern Desert
Estimated dating: c. 3000 BCE–500 CE (Bronze–Roman Periods)
Coordinates: 32.5000° N, 38.2000° E

Harrat al-Sham Rock Inscriptions – Northern Desert Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–500 CE (Iron Age–Late Antiquity)
Coordinates: 32.5000° N, 37.2000° E

Wadi Hassan Rock Art Corridor – Mafraq Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000 BCE–300 CE (Bronze–Roman Periods)
Coordinates: 32.2000° N, 36.6000° E

Qasr Usaykhim Rock Art and Safaitic Inscriptions – Zarqa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 100 BCE–300 CE (Nabataean–Roman Period)
Coordinates: 32.0830° N, 36.3660° E

5.6 Syria

El-Kowm Rock Art – Homs Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 9000–5000 BCE (Epipaleolithic–Neolithic)
Coordinates: 35.0000° N, 38.5000° E

Jebel Druze Petroglyphs – As-Suwayda Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 32.7000° N, 36.7500° E

Palmyra Region Carvings – Homs Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–300 CE (Bronze Age–Roman Period)
Coordinates: 34.5600° N, 38.2700° E

Hemma Plateau Rock Art Complex – Al-Hasakah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 36.8330° N, 41.0000° E

Al-Ḥarrah Basalt Safaitic Inscriptions – Southern Syria (Daraa Region)
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–300 CE (Iron Age–Nabataean Period)
Coordinates: 32.8000° N, 36.4000° E

Aleppo Region Rock Reliefs – Aleppo Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–600 BCE (Bronze–Neo-Assyrian Period)
Coordinates: 36.2000° N, 37.1500° E

Al-Hailuna “Camel Rock” Petroglyphs – Hama Governorate (Masyaf District)
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Early–Late Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.0660° N, 36.3000° E

Mount Al-Zawiyah Ancient Rock Structures – Idlib Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000 BCE–500 CE (Bronze Age through Byzantine Era)
Coordinates: 35.6500° N, 36.5500° E

Resafa Cliff Carvings and Inscriptions – Ar-Raqqah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 800 BCE–600 CE (Neo-Assyrian through Byzantine Period)
Coordinates: 35.6330° N, 38.7500° E

Qara Basalt Inscriptions – Rif Dimashq Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1000–300 BCE (Iron Age–Hellenistic)
Coordinates: 34.2660° N, 36.9330° E

5.7 Iraq

Kurdistan Petroglyphs – Sulaymaniyah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 8000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.5500° N, 45.4500° E

Jarmo Region Engravings – Kirkuk Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 7000–4000 BCE (Pre-Pottery Neolithic–Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 35.5000° N, 44.8500° E

Hatra Relief Panels – Nineveh Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 300 BCE–300 CE (Hellenistic–Parthian Period)
Coordinates: 35.5660° N, 42.7380° E

Gunduk Rock Reliefs – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 800–600 BCE (Neo-Assyrian Period)
Coordinates: 37.0500° N, 43.3000° E

Faida Rock Art Complex – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 700–600 BCE (Neo-Assyrian Period, Sennacherib Reign)
Coordinates: 36.7800° N, 43.0300° E

Khinis Neo-Assyrian Reliefs – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 700 BCE (Reign of Sennacherib)
Coordinates: 36.8000° N, 43.0500° E

Shiru Maliktha Rock Relief – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 700–600 BCE (Neo-Assyrian Period)
Coordinates: 36.8660° N, 43.1330° E

Maltai Assyrian Reliefs – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 700 BCE (Sennacherib Period, Neo-Assyrian)
Coordinates: 36.8300° N, 43.0200° E

Mila Mergi Rock-Carved Stela – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 700–500 BCE (Late Assyrian–Achaemenid Transition)
Coordinates: 37.0000° N, 43.1500° E

Gali Zerdak Rock Relief Complex – Erbil Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 800–400 BCE (Assyrian–Achaemenid)
Coordinates: 36.4000° N, 44.2000° E

Nirok Hellenistic Relief – Duhok Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 300–100 BCE (Hellenistic Period)
Coordinates: 36.8500° N, 43.0700° E

Jerwan Assyrian Aqueduct (Architectural Rock Inscriptions) – Nineveh Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 700 BCE (Sennacherib’s Reign, Neo-Assyrian Period)
Coordinates: 36.6000° N, 43.3000° E

Bashiqa Hilltop Carvings – Nineveh Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000–2000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 36.4700° N, 43.3800° E

Sinjar Mountain Cave Symbols – Nineveh Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 36.3500° N, 41.7500° E

5.8 Iran

Teimareh Petroglyph Complex – Markazi Province
Estimated dating: c. 12,000 BCE–1000 CE (Upper Paleolithic through Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 33.9000° N, 49.6000° E

Golpayegan Rock Art – Isfahan Province
Estimated dating: c. 8000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.5000° N, 50.3000° E

Neyshabur Petroglyph Fields – Razavi Khorasan Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 36.2000° N, 58.8000° E

Fars Province Rock Reliefs (Persepolis & Naqsh-e Rustam) – Fars Province
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–600 CE (Elamite–Achaemenid–Sassanian Periods)
Coordinates: 29.9870° N, 52.8750° E

Lakh Mazar Petroglyphs – Yazd Province (Birjand Region)
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–2000 BCE (Epipaleolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 32.9000° N, 59.2000° E

Saravan Rock Art Sites – Sistan and Baluchistan Province
Estimated dating: c. 8000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 27.6000° N, 62.3000° E

Nikshahr Petroglyphs – Sistan and Baluchistan Province
Estimated dating: c. 7000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.2000° N, 60.2000° E

Hawraman Rock Shelter Carvings – Kurdistan Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.2000° N, 46.2000° E

Sanandaj Petroglyphs – Kurdistan Province
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 35.3160° N, 46.9830° E

Kuhdasht Engraved Rocks – Lorestan Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.5000° N, 47.6000° E

Aligudarz Mountain Petroglyphs – Lorestan Province
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 33.4000° N, 49.7000° E

Mahabad Rock Carvings – West Azerbaijan Province
Estimated dating: c. 5000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 36.7660° N, 45.7160° E

Arasbaran Petroglyphs – East Azerbaijan Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 38.7500° N, 47.2000° E

Qorveh Cup-Marked Stones – Kurdistan Province
Estimated dating: c. 5000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.1660° N, 47.8000° E

Kashan Highland Petroglyphs – Isfahan Province
Estimated dating: c. 7000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.9660° N, 51.4500° E

5.9 Saudi Arabia

Jubbah Petroglyph Site – Ha’il Region
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–1000 BCE (Early Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 28.0000° N, 40.9500° E

Shuwaymis Petroglyphs – Ha’il Region
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–3000 BCE (Neolithic–Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 27.8650° N, 40.5880° E

Wadi Damm Carvings – Tabuk Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 28.4000° N, 36.5000° E

Bir Hima Rock Art – Najran Region
Estimated dating: c. 5500 BCE–300 CE (Neolithic–Classical Period)
Coordinates: 18.4200° N, 44.0500° E

Jabal al-Manjor & Jabal Raat Petroglyph Complex – Ha’il Region
Estimated dating: c. 9000–3000 BCE (Early–Late Neolithic)
Coordinates: 27.8700° N, 40.6000° E

Jabal Umm Sinman Rock Carvings – Ha’il Region
Estimated dating: c. 10,000–4000 BCE (Neolithic–Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 28.0000° N, 40.9500° E

Hima Cultural Area (Caravan Route Inscriptions) – Najran Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 BCE–1000 CE (Neolithic–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 18.2000° N, 44.2000° E

Jabal Ikmah Petroglyphs – Al Ula, Medina Region
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–500 CE (Lihyanite–Dadanite–Nabataean Periods)
Coordinates: 26.6160° N, 37.8830° E

Lion Tombs of Dadan – Al Ula, Medina Region
Estimated dating: c. 600–300 BCE (Dadanite Kingdom)
Coordinates: 26.6000° N, 37.9330° E

Wadi Abu Oud Rock Art – Al Ula Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.7000° N, 37.8500° E

Jebel al-Lawz Petroglyphs – Tabuk Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 28.6500° N, 35.3000° E

Graffiti Rocks (Musayqirah Inscriptions) – Riyadh Region
Estimated dating: c. 1500 BCE–700 CE (Bronze–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 24.6000° N, 46.6500° E

Arwa Petroglyph Site – Riyadh Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 23.9000° N, 46.2000° E

Hanakiya Petroglyphs – Medina Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 24.8830° N, 39.8330° E

Al-Magar Petroglyph Complex – Asir Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000–5000 BCE (Neolithic)
Coordinates: 19.7000° N, 43.6000° E

Tathleeth Rock Art – Asir Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 19.5330° N, 43.7330° E

Shimli Inscriptions – Northern Saudi Arabia (Al Jawf Region)
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–500 CE (Bronze–Nabataean Period)
Coordinates: 29.9000° N, 39.8660° E

Al Jawf Petroglyphs – Al Jawf Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000–500 BCE (Neolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.6000° N, 40.2000° E

Janin Cave Engravings – Ha’il Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 27.9000° N, 40.7500° E

Yatib Rock Art – Ha’il Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 27.9200° N, 40.7000° E

5.10 Yemen

Wadi Dhahr Petroglyphs – Sana’a Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–500 CE (Bronze Age–Sabaean Period)
Coordinates: 15.5000° N, 44.1000° E

Jabal al-Lawz Engravings – Saada Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 16.9000° N, 43.7000° E

Wadi Rima Petroglyphs – Ibb Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 14.1500° N, 44.4000° E

Hima Mountain Rock Carvings – Najran Border Region (Northern Yemen Extension)
Estimated dating: c. 5000 BCE–500 CE (Neolithic–Sabaean Period)
Coordinates: 17.3500° N, 44.0000° E

Al-Mauaqea Mountain Petroglyphs – Najran Border Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 17.2800° N, 44.0500° E

Minshaf and Shasaa Rock Art Sites – Najran Border Region
Estimated dating: c. 3500–500 BCE (Bronze Age–Sabaean Period)
Coordinates: 17.2000° N, 44.1000° E

Barʾān Temple Carvings (Maʾrib Sanctuary Complex) – Maʾrib Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1200–300 BCE (Sabaean Kingdom)
Coordinates: 15.4500° N, 45.3330° E

Baraqish Rock-Cut Structures and Inscriptions – Al Jawf Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–200 CE (Sabaean–Himyarite Periods)
Coordinates: 16.1500° N, 44.5830° E

Shibam Ancient Rock-Cut Foundations – Hadhramaut Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 500 BCE–1500 CE (Himyarite–Islamic Continuity)
Coordinates: 15.9260° N, 48.6300° E

Wadi Bayhan Engraved Stone Sites – Shabwah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 14.8000° N, 45.7000° E

Haid al-Jazil Cliff Carvings and Petroglyphs – Hadhramaut Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 15.4500° N, 48.3830° E

Jabal Qara Rock Art Field – Al Mahwit Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 15.5500° N, 43.5830° E

5.11 Oman

Wadi Suhban Petroglyphs – Dhofar Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000–1000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 17.3000° N, 54.0000° E

Jebel Qara Engravings – Dhofar Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 17.1500° N, 54.0000° E

Bat and Al-Ayn Rock Carvings – Ad Dhahirah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1500 BCE (Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 23.2500° N, 56.7500° E

Tawi Rock Carvings – Musandam Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.2000° N, 56.2500° E

Hasat Bin Salt (Coleman’s Rock) Reliefs – Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 22.9000° N, 57.2500° E

Wadi Sahtan Petroglyphs – Al Batinah Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 23.3000° N, 57.4000° E

Wadi Al Ayn Petroglyphs – Ad Dhahirah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 23.1500° N, 56.7500° E

Wadi Bani Kharous Rock Art – Al Batinah South Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 23.1660° N, 57.4660° E

Al Hamra Petroglyph Fields – Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 23.0660° N, 57.3000° E

Muscat Hill Petroglyphs – Muscat Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 23.6000° N, 58.5500° E

Jebel Akhdar Rock Art Sites – Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 5000–1500 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 23.1500° N, 57.2000° E

Dhofar Mountain Rock Paintings – Dhofar Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000–2000 BCE (Neolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 17.1000° N, 54.1000° E

Biʾr Hima Inscriptions (Extension of Najran Cultural Zone) – Northern Dhofar Border
Estimated dating: c. 7000 BCE–1000 CE (Neolithic–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 18.3330° N, 44.3330° E

5.12 United Arab Emirates

ebel Jais Petroglyphs – Ras Al Khaimah
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.9500° N, 56.1500° E

Wadi al-Hayl Engravings – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.1000° N, 56.2500° E

Hatta Rock Art – Dubai Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 24.8000° N, 56.1000° E

Khatm Al Melaha Petroglyphs – Sharjah Emirate (Kalba Area)
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 24.9830° N, 56.3330° E

Al Mudaifi Rock Art Site – Sharjah Emirate (Khor Fakkan)
Estimated dating: c. 4000 BCE–1800 CE (Neolithic–Late Tribal Period)
Coordinates: 25.3300° N, 56.3600° E

Luluya Petroglyphs – Sharjah Emirate (Khor Fakkan Region)
Estimated dating: c. 3000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.3200° N, 56.3600° E

Wadi Shie Rock Carvings – Sharjah Emirate (Khor Fakkan Area)
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.3400° N, 56.3400° E

Wadi Saham Petroglyphs – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.4000° N, 56.1830° E

Hassat al-Risoom Carvings – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.2500° N, 56.3000° E

Wadi ah-Shanah Petroglyphs – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.3160° N, 56.2660° E

Ain Sheria Rock Art – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.3330° N, 56.2830° E

Wadi Furfar Petroglyphs – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.2000° N, 56.3000° E

Wadi Kubh Rock Art Site – Ras Al Khaimah
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.6830° N, 56.0000° E

Mleiha Petroglyphs – Sharjah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–300 CE (Iron Age–Pre-Islamic Period)
Coordinates: 25.1170° N, 55.8500° E

Mirbah Coastal Rock Art – Fujairah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.2830° N, 56.3660° E

Jebel Akhdar Extension Petroglyphs – Oman–UAE Border (Hajar Range)
Estimated dating: c. 4000–1000 BCE (Chalcolithic–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 24.7160° N, 56.2000° E

Kalba Mountain Rock Art Cluster – Sharjah Emirate
Estimated dating: c. 3500–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.0160° N, 56.3330° E

5.13 Qatar

Al-Jassasiya Petroglyphs – Al Shamal Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–1000 CE (Iron Age–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 25.9740° N, 51.4010° E

Dukhan Rock Art – Al Rayyan Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–800 CE (Bronze Age–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 25.3660° N, 50.7830° E

Jebel Fuwayrit Carvings – Al Shamal Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1500 BCE–1000 CE (Bronze Age–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 26.0260° N, 51.3660° E

Freiha Rock Art and Settlement – Al Shamal Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–1000 CE (Bronze Age–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 26.0000° N, 51.0000° E

Al Ghariyah Petroglyphs – Al Shamal Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1500 BCE–1000 CE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.0830° N, 51.3660° E

Al Jumail Rock Carvings – Al Shamal Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–500 CE (Iron Age–Classical Period)
Coordinates: 25.9500° N, 51.1830° E

Simaisma Petroglyphs – Al Daayen Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1000 BCE–1000 CE (Iron Age–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 25.5000° N, 51.4830° E

Al Wakrah Rock Carvings – Al Wakrah Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1500 BCE–700 CE (Bronze–Early Islamic Age)
Coordinates: 25.1700° N, 51.6000° E

Al Qassar Rock Art Site – Doha Municipality
Estimated dating: c. 1200 BCE–800 CE (Iron Age–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 25.3500° N, 51.5330° E

5.14 Kuwait

Burgan Hill Engravings – Ahmadi Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 29.0500° N, 47.9500° E

Mutla Ridge Petroglyphs – Jahra Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 29.4500° N, 47.7000° E

Failaka Island Rock Inscriptions – Al Asimah Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE–300 CE (Dilmun–Hellenistic–Early Islamic)
Coordinates: 29.4500° N, 48.3330° E

Subiya Petroglyphs – Northern Kuwait Desert
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1500 BCE (Chalcolithic–Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 29.6160° N, 48.0830° E

Umm al-Aish Rock Carvings – Jahra Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.7660° N, 47.7160° E

Bahra 1 Ubaid Period Carved Stones – Al Subiya Region
Estimated dating: c. 5500–4000 BCE (Ubaid Period)
Coordinates: 29.6660° N, 48.1330° E

Wadi al-Batin Cup-Marked Boulders – Northwestern Border (Iraq Frontier)
Estimated dating: c. 3000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.9330° N, 46.8330° E

Jebel al-Ahmad Rock Markings – Northern Kuwait
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 29.9000° N, 47.8830° E

5.15 Bahrain

Jebel al-Dukhan Petroglyphs – Central Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.1500° N, 50.5500° E

A’ali Burial Mound Engravings – Northern Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2300–1000 BCE (Dilmun Civilization)
Coordinates: 26.1650° N, 50.5000° E

Saar Temple Rock Marks – Northern Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1500 BCE (Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 26.2200° N, 50.5000° E

Buri Petroglyph Stone – Northern Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2500–1500 BCE (Early Dilmun Period)
Coordinates: 26.1830° N, 50.4830° E

Qal’at al-Bahrain Quarry Carvings – Capital Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.2400° N, 50.5700° E

Tubli Bay Cup-Marked Slabs – Capital Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1800–800 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.1830° N, 50.5900° E

Jid Al Haj Rock Relief Fragments – Northern Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1500–500 BCE (Dilmun–Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.2100° N, 50.4800° E

Riffa Hills Petroglyphs – Southern Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–1000 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.1000° N, 50.5500° E

Sitra Island Rock Engravings – Capital Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 2000–500 BCE (Dilmun–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 26.1600° N, 50.6200° E

Hawar Island Coastal Petroglyphs – Southern Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 1500–500 BCE (Bronze–Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.6500° N, 50.7830° E

6. Africa

6.1 Egypt

Wadi Hammamat Petroglyphs – Eastern Desert
Estimated dating: c. 6000 BCE – 3000 BCE (Neolithic – Early Dynastic)
Coordinates: 26.5670° N, 33.6160° E

Gebel Tjauti and Gebel el-Asr Carvings – Qena Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000 BCE – 2000 BCE (Predynastic – Middle Kingdom)
Coordinates: 25.9330° N, 32.8330° E

Abu Ballas Trail Petroglyphs – Western Desert
Estimated dating: c. 8000 BCE – 2500 BCE (Early Neolithic – Old Kingdom)
Coordinates: 25.2500° N, 25.0000° E

Wadi Sura (Cave of the Swimmers and Cave of the Beasts) – Gilf Kebir Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 8000 BCE – 4000 BCE (Early Holocene Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 24.9500° N, 25.5500° E

Gebel Uweinat Petroglyphs – New Valley Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 8000 BCE – 4000 BCE (Hunter-Gatherer to Pastoral Transition)
Coordinates: 22.3000° N, 25.0000° E

Farafra Oasis Rock Engravings – Western Desert
Estimated dating: c. 7000 BCE – 3000 BCE (Neolithic – Predynastic)
Coordinates: 27.0000° N, 27.9660° E

Qurta Petroglyphs – Upper Egypt (Near Edfu)
Estimated dating: c. 15,000 BCE – 13,000 BCE (Late Palaeolithic)
Coordinates: 25.4500° N, 32.7500° E

Nag el-Hamdulab Rock Art – Aswan Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 3500 BCE – 3000 BCE (Late Predynastic – Protodynastic)
Coordinates: 24.1000° N, 32.8800° E

El-Kab Desert Inscriptions – Qena Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000 BCE – 1000 BCE (Predynastic – New Kingdom)
Coordinates: 25.0500° N, 32.8000° E

Wadi el-Obeiyd Cave Art – Farafra Depression
Estimated dating: c. 8000 BCE – 4000 BCE (Early Neolithic Pastoral Art)
Coordinates: 27.0500° N, 27.9660° E

Kharga Oasis Rock Carvings – New Valley Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000 BCE – 500 BCE (Neolithic – Late Period)
Coordinates: 25.4500° N, 30.5500° E

Dakhla Oasis Petroglyphs – New Valley Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 7000 BCE – 500 BCE (Neolithic – Late Period)
Coordinates: 25.4800° N, 29.0000° E

Wadi Hammamat (Boat Carvings and Royal Inscriptions) – Eastern Desert
Estimated dating: c. 5000 BCE – 2000 BCE (Pre-Dynastic – Old Kingdom)
Coordinates: 26.5670° N, 33.6160° E

Gebel el-Silsila Petroglyphs – Aswan Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000 BCE – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – New Kingdom)
Coordinates: 24.6500° N, 32.9500° E

Sinai Rock Art (South Sinai and Ain Hudra Oasis Region) – Sinai Peninsula
Estimated dating: c. 10,000 BCE – 1000 BCE (Mesolithic – Pharaonic Era)
Coordinates: 28.7160° N, 33.3160° E

 

6.2 Libya

Tadrart Acacus Petroglyphs – Ghat District, Fezzan
Estimated dating: c. 12,000 – 1000 BCE (Late Pleistocene – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.2500° N, 10.3000° E

Messak Settafet and Messak Mellet Plateaus – Fezzan Region
Estimated dating: c. 10,000 – 2000 BCE (Early Holocene – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 25.0000° N, 12.0000° E

Wadi Tanezzuft Engravings – Fezzan Region
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 3000 BCE (Neolithic Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 24.0000° N, 11.0000° E

Wadi Mathendous Petroglyphs – Messak Settafet Escarpment
Estimated dating: c. 9000 – 4000 BCE (Early Holocene – Neolithic)
Coordinates: 25.1000° N, 12.3330° E

Wadi Tashwinat Rock Art – Tadrart Acacus Range
Estimated dating: c. 10,000 – 4000 BCE (Early Neolithic – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 25.2000° N, 10.5000° E

Wadi Anshal Cave Paintings – Acacus Range
Estimated dating: c. 9000 – 5000 BCE (Holocene Hunter-Gatherer Cultures)
Coordinates: 25.1500° N, 10.4000° E

Wadi In Ferdan Rock Art – Acacus Range
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 4000 BCE (Early Neolithic)
Coordinates: 25.3000° N, 10.3500° E

Messak Mellet Chariot Engravings – Central Fezzan
Estimated dating: c. 3000 – 1000 BCE (Bronze – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.0500° N, 12.0500° E

Wadi Tilizaghen Petroglyphs – Southern Fezzan
Estimated dating: c. 9000 – 3000 BCE (Neolithic – Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 24.8000° N, 11.5000° E

Jebel Awaynat Carvings – Libya–Sudan–Egypt Border Zone
Estimated dating: c. 10,000 – 4000 BCE (Early Holocene Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 22.0000° N, 24.0000° E

6.3 Algeria

Tassili n’Ajjer Rock Art – Illizi Province
Estimated dating: c. 12,000 BCE – 1000 BCE (Late Pleistocene – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 25.2500° N, 9.0000° E

Oued Djerat Engravings – Illizi Province
Estimated dating: c. 9000 – 2000 BCE (Early Holocene – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 24.4000° N, 8.5000° E

Djelfa Region Petroglyphs – Djelfa Province
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 34.6660° N, 3.2500° E

Aïn Naga Engravings – Biskra Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 34.5000° N, 5.8000° E

Taghit Petroglyphs – Béchar Province
Estimated dating: c. 9000 – 3000 BCE (Neolithic Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 30.9160° N, 2.0330° E

Ain Sefra Rock Art Sites – Naâma Province
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 2000 BCE (Holocene to Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 32.7500° N, 0.5830° W

South Oran Petroglyph Fields – El Bayadh / Tiaret Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Neolithic to Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.0000° N, 0.5000° E

El-Bayadh Petroglyph Stations – El Bayadh Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 33.6830° N, 1.0170° E

Bou Saâda Rock Engravings – M’Sila Province
Estimated dating: c. 5000 – 1500 BCE (Late Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.2000° N, 4.1660° E

Tiaret Petroglyph Slabs – Tiaret Province
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.3660° N, 1.3160° E

Djebel Doum and Rocher des Pigeons Stations – Djelfa Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 2500 BCE (Neolithic Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 34.6000° N, 3.1500° E

6.4 Morocco

Taforalt Cave and Nearby Petroglyphs – Oujda-Angad Region
Estimated dating: c. 12,000 – 5000 BCE (Late Pleistocene – Early Holocene)
Coordinates: 34.8000° N, 2.4000° W

Yagour Plateau Rock Art – High Atlas, Marrakech-Safi Region
Estimated dating: c. 2500 – 1000 BCE (Late Neolithic – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 31.3000° N, 7.7000° W

Ait Ouazik Petroglyph Field – Ouarzazate Province
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 30.6000° N, 5.8000° W

Jebel Saghro Engravings – Drâa-Tafilalet Region
Estimated dating: c. 3000 – 1000 BCE (Chalcolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 31.1000° N, 5.6000° W

Imaoun Petroglyph Clusters – Souss-Massa Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1500 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 29.7500° N, 9.0500° W

Foum Ech Chenna Rock Engravings – Draa Valley, Ouarzazate Region
Estimated dating: c. 3000 – 500 BCE (Bronze – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 30.4000° N, 6.0000° W

Tata Province Rock Art Zone – Drâa-Tafilalet Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 29.7000° N, 7.9000° W

Leyuad Petroglyphs and Paintings – Near Mauritanian Frontier, Guelmim-Oued Noun
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic)
Coordinates: 28.1500° N, 11.4500° W

Figuig and Tisserfine Sites – Oriental Region (Algerian Border)
Estimated dating: c. 5000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 32.1000° N, 1.2500° W

Jbel Bani and Assif Tadakoust Rock Art – Tata Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1500 BCE (Neolithic Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 29.5000° N, 7.8000° W

 

6.5 Tunisia

El Guettar Petroglyphs – Gafsa Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 10,000 – 2000 BCE (Epipaleolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 34.3000° N, 8.9500° E

Jebel Ousselat Rock Art – Kairouan Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 2000 BCE (Early Holocene – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.7000° N, 9.4000° E

Matmata Region Engravings – Gabès Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 33.5500° N, 9.9660° E

Ain Kanfous Shelter – Jebel Ouesslat Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.6800° N, 9.4200° E

Ramada Shelter Paintings – Jebel Ouesslat Region
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 3000 BCE (Early Holocene Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 35.6700° N, 9.4100° E

Dar H’ssine Cave – Jebel Ouesslat Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 35.6900° N, 9.4000° E

El Guelta el Berda Shelter – Jebel Ouesslat Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Neolithic Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 35.6500° N, 9.4200° E

Ghomrassen Rock Paintings (“Taguet Hamed”) – Tataouine Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 32.9500° N, 10.3830° E

Smar Petroglyph Site – Tataouine Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 5000 – 1500 BCE (Chalcolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 32.9500° N, 10.4500° E

Tameghza Rock Art – Tozeur Governorate
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 34.4000° N, 8.2330° E

 

6.6 Sudan

Jebel Uweinat (North Sudan Sector) – Northern State
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 4000 BCE (Early Holocene Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 21.9500° N, 24.9500° E

Nubian Desert Rock Art – Northern and River Nile States
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 19.0000° N, 32.0000° E

Kurgus Engravings – Fourth Cataract Region
Estimated dating: c. 3000 BCE – 500 CE (Predynastic to Meroitic Periods)
Coordinates: 19.4500° N, 33.2500° E

Sabu-Jaddi Petroglyphs – Third Cataract Region, Northern State
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 1500 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 19.5500° N, 30.4000° E

Atbai Desert Petroglyphs (Gebel Nahoganet and Jebel Maraekib) – Red Sea State
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.0000° N, 36.5000° E

Dry Selima Petroglyphs – Northern State
Estimated dating: c. 5000 – 2000 BCE (Holocene to Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 21.0000° N, 26.5000° E

Jebel Rahib Rock Art – North Darfur
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.5000° N, 25.0000° E

Jebel Barkal Inscriptions – Northern State
Estimated dating: c. 1500 BCE – 300 CE (New Kingdom – Meroitic Period)
Coordinates: 18.5500° N, 31.8330° E

Meroe Carved Monuments – River Nile State
Estimated dating: c. 800 BCE – 400 CE (Napatan – Meroitic Period)
Coordinates: 16.9330° N, 33.7500° E

6.7 Chad

Ennedi Massif Petroglyphs – Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 1000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.7000° N, 21.5000° E

Bardaï and Zouar Carvings – Tibesti Region
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 3000 BCE (Early Holocene – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 21.3500° N, 17.0000° E

Tigre Caves Rock Art – Ennedi Massif
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic – Early Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.0000° N, 22.0000° E

Niola Doa Petroglyphs – Ennedi Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.6000° N, 21.4000° E

Mount Fada Rock Art – Ennedi Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Holocene Wet Phase)
Coordinates: 18.9000° N, 21.7000° E

Elikeo Rock Shelter Engravings – Ennedi Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 3000 BCE (Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 18.6500° N, 21.8000° E

Terkei Barakatra Rock Art – Ennedi Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.5000° N, 21.6000° E

Gaora Halagana Petroglyphs – Ennedi Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 18.5500° N, 21.4500° E

Manda Guele Rock Art – Archei Region, Ennedi Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.4000° N, 21.8000° E

Niola Ajoos Engravings – Tibesti Mountains
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Early Holocene – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 21.5000° N, 17.8000° E

6.8 Niger

Dabous Giraffe Engravings – Aïr Mountains, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 6000 BCE (Early Holocene Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 19.6500° N, 8.2500° E

Iwellene Petroglyph Site – Northern Aïr Mountains, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Neolithic – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 19.8000° N, 8.5000° E

Tanakom Rock Art – Southeastern Aïr Mountains, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.7000° N, 8.9000° E

Tagueit Petroglyphs – Aïr Mountains, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic)
Coordinates: 19.0000° N, 9.0000° E

Djado Plateau Rock Art – Bilma Department, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Iron Age Transition)
Coordinates: 20.8500° N, 12.5000° E

Anakom Petroglyphs – Ténéré Desert, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic)
Coordinates: 19.4000° N, 10.2000° E

Arakou Rock Carvings – Ténéré Desert, Agadez Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 19.2000° N, 10.0000° E

Ténéré Desert Rock Art – Central Niger
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 1000 BCE (Holocene Wet Phase – Iron Age)
Coordinates: 18.5000° N, 10.5000° E

6.9 Mali

Hombori Mountains Rock Art – Mopti Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 15.2500° N, 1.7000° W

Tadrart Akal Petroglyphs – Kidal Region
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 2000 BCE (Early Holocene – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 20.0000° N, 1.0000° E

Gourma Engravings – Mopti Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 15.0000° N, 2.0000° W

Adrar des Ifoghas Rock Art – Kidal Region
Estimated dating: c. 8000 – 1000 BCE (Holocene Wet Phase – Iron Age Transition)
Coordinates: 20.5000° N, 0.8000° E

Fanfannyégènné Rock Shelters (I & II) – National Park of the Baoulé, Sikasso Region
Estimated dating: c. 1200 – 800 BCE (Late Bronze – Early Iron Age)
Coordinates: 10.4330° N, 6.5000° W

Point G Rock Art – Bamako Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Chalcolithic)
Coordinates: 12.6500° N, 8.0000° W

Bandiagara Cliff Paintings – Dogon Country, Mopti Region
Estimated dating: c. 3000 BCE – 1000 CE (Neolithic to Historic Periods)
Coordinates: 14.3500° N, 3.3500° W

Modjodjé Petroglyphs – Dogon Region, Mopti
Estimated dating: c. 2000 BCE – 500 CE (Late Bronze – Iron Age)
Coordinates: 14.4000° N, 3.4000° W

Mogoyabougou Fanfanba Cave – Koulikoro Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000 BCE – 500 CE (Neolithic – Early Historic)
Coordinates: 13.7000° N, 7.8000° W

Airé Soroba Inscriptions – Gao Region
Estimated dating: c. 1000 – 1100 CE (Islamic Period)
Coordinates: 16.2660° N, 0.0330° W

6.10 Mauritania

Koumbi Saleh Region Petroglyphs – Hodh el-Gharbi
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 16.0000° N, 11.0000° W

Tichitt and Walata Region Rock Art – Tagant Plateau
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 2000 BCE (Early Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.4500° N, 9.5500° W

Guelb er Richât (“Eye of the Sahara”) Petroglyph Sites – Adrar Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 21.1240° N, 11.3980° W

El Beyyed Engraving Field – Adrar Region
Estimated dating: c. 7000 – 3000 BCE (Early Holocene – Pastoral Period)
Coordinates: 20.1000° N, 12.4000° W

El Ghallaouiya Rock Paintings – Adrar Region
Estimated dating: c. 6000 – 2000 BCE (Pastoral Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 20.3000° N, 12.0000° W

Agneitir Dalma Rock Paintings – Tagant Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1000 BCE (Late Neolithic – Iron Age)
Coordinates: 18.1000° N, 10.0000° W

Tinchmart Rock Art – Tagant Region
Estimated dating: c. 4000 – 1000 BCE (Neolithic – Iron Age)
Coordinates: 18.0500° N, 9.9500° W

Guilemsi Ridge Paintings – Tagant Region
Estimated dating: c. 5000 – 2000 BCE (Neolithic – Bronze Age)
Coordinates: 18.9000° N, 10.2000° W

6.11 Senegal

Falémé Valley Petroglyphs – Kédougou Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 12.6000° N, 12.1500° W

Sabodala Engravings – Kédougou Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.8830° N, 12.3000° W

Ngaye Mékhé Cup-Marked Rocks – Thiès Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 15.0000° N, 16.7000° W

Sine Ngayène Stone Circles (carved uprights) – Kaffrine Region
Estimated dating: 300 BCE – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 13.7000° N, 15.5000° W

Wanar Stone Circles (carved uprights) – Kaffrine Region
Estimated dating: 300 BCE – 1600 CE
Coordinates: 13.9000° N, 15.5500° W

Somb Stone Circle Field – Fatick Region
Estimated dating: 300 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 14.0000° N, 16.4500° W

Mbolop-Tobé Stone Alignments – Fatick Region
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 14.2000° N, 16.3500° W

Ibel Rock Engravings – Kédougou Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.6500° N, 12.2000° W

Dindefelo Plateau Petroglyphs – Kédougou Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.3660° N, 12.3000° W

6.12 Gambia

Wassu Region Rock Marks – Central River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.6830° N, 14.8830° W

Sutukoba Petroglyph Stones – Upper River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.3500° N, 13.9830° W

Bantang Koto Cup-Marked Rocks – Central River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.5500° N, 14.9330° W

Kerbatch Stone Circles – Central River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.6660° N, 14.8330° W

Janjangbureh Stone Circle Area – Central River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.5330° N, 14.7830° W

Niani Maru Burial Circle – Upper River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 13.4330° N, 14.1330° W

Wassu North Cluster (possible unrecorded engravings on uprights) – Central River Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 13.7000° N, 14.8800° W

Kerbatch South Field (subsidiary stone group with partial carvings) – Central River Division
Estimated dating: 800 BCE – 400 CE
Coordinates: 13.6600° N, 14.8500° W

Janneh Kunda Ridge Petroglyphs – Upper River Division
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.4000° N, 13.9500° W

6.13 Guinea / Guinea-Bissau / Sierra Leone / Liberia

Guinea

Mount Nimba Petroglyphs – Nzérékoré Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 7.7000° N, 8.3830° W

Tongo Rock Art – Labé Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 11.3830° N, 12.2660° W

Ziama Massif Engraved Shelters – Nzérékoré Region
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.3830° N, 9.1000° W

Kissi Region Figurine Zone (Nomoli/Pomdo distribution area) – Guinea Forestière
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 8.5000° N, 10.0000° W

Guinea-Bissau

Canchungo Rock Art – Cacheu Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 12.0600° N, 16.0400° W

Bafatá Megalithic Stones – Bafatá Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.1700° N, 14.6500° W

Gabú Stone Circle Field – Gabú Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.2800° N, 14.2000° W

Sierra Leone

Kukuna Petroglyphs – Kambia District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 9.6500° N, 12.9000° W

Yengema Engravings – Kono District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 8.7000° N, 11.0330° W

Nomoli Figurine Zone – Southeastern Sierra Leone (Kenema, Kono, and Pujehun Districts)
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 8.2000° N, 11.2000° W

Mount Bintumani Rock Shelters – Northern Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.3000° N, 11.3000° W

Liberia

Mount Wologizi Petroglyph Caves – Lofa County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 8.2000° N, 9.8660° W

Gola Forest Engraving Sites – Grand Cape Mount County
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 6.8500° N, 10.0000° W

Pomdo Figurine Zone – Northwestern Liberia (Nimba, Bong, Lofa Counties)
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 7.7000° N, 9.5000° W

6.14 Ivory Coast / Ghana / Togo / Benin

Ivory Coast (Côte d’Ivoire)

Ahouakro Archaeological Park – Agnéby-Tiassa Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 6.6500° N, 5.9000° W

Man Region Petroglyphs – Montagnes District
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 7.4000° N, 7.5500° W

Kong Highlands Engraved Boulders – Savanes District
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 9.0000° N, 5.3000° W

Odienné Megalithic Stones – Denguélé District
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 9.5000° N, 7.6000° W

Ghana

Gingana Rock Paintings – North East Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 10.5500° N, 0.3500° W

Kpatiritinga Rock Art and Granaries – North East Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.6330° N, 0.4330° W

Tanfiok-Naamaa (Jilik) Rock Paintings – North East Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.5830° N, 0.4500° W

Tusugu Rock Paintings – North East Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.5160° N, 0.4000° W

Kintampo Rock Art – Bono East Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 7.7000° N, 1.7330° W

Bui National Park Petroglyphs – Bono Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 8.2330° N, 2.3660° W

Gambaga Escarpment Cluster – North East Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.5500° N, 0.4500° W

Togo

Notse Rock Marks – Plateaux Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 6.9500° N, 1.1500° E

Sokodé Rock Carvings – Centrale Region
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 8.9500° N, 1.1000° E

Dapaong Rock Shelters – Savanes Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.8500° N, 0.2000° E

Benin

Kouandé Petroglyphs – Atacora Department
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 10.3330° N, 1.6660° E

Tanguieta Rock Shelters – Atacora Department
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 10.6330° N, 1.2660° E

Natitingou Cup-Marked Stones – Atacora Department
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.3160° N, 1.3830° E

Savalou Stone Alignments – Collines Department
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.9000° N, 1.9830° E

6.15 Nigeria

Northern Nigeria

Birnin Kudu Petroglyphs – Jigawa State
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 11.5000° N, 9.4330° E

Dutsen Habude and Yawozo Cave Paintings – Jigawa State
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 11.5500° N, 9.4000° E

Shira Rock Paintings – Bauchi State
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 11.3000° N, 10.2000° E

Geji Rock Art Shelters – Bauchi State
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.9830° N, 9.6670° E

Dutsen Atiye Rock Paintings – Jigawa State
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 11.6000° N, 9.4000° E

Dutsen Kuddu Petroglyphs – Kaduna State
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.6330° N, 7.7000° E

Kwatarkwashi Engravings – Zamfara State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 12.0160° N, 6.8000° E

Riyom Rock Art – Plateau State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 9.5330° N, 8.7330° E

Southern Nigeria

Ikom Monoliths (Akwanshi/Bakor) – Cross River State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 5.9660° N, 8.7330° E

Igbara Oke Petroglyphs – Ondo State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.4000° N, 4.8830° E

Ishibori Megalithic Field – Cross River State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 6.0500° N, 8.8330° E

Alok Monolith Cluster – Cross River State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 6.0000° N, 8.7500° E

Abak River Stone Carvings – Akwa Ibom State
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 5.0160° N, 7.8660° E

 

6.16 Cameroon

Bidzar Petroglyphs – North Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.8830° N, 13.7170° E

Kongo Boumba Petroglyph Sites (1–5) – North Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.7000° N, 14.0000° E

Lindili Petroglyphs – North Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.6000° N, 13.9500° E

Galdi Engraved Slabs – Adamaoua Region
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 7.4000° N, 13.6000° E

Maroua Petroglyphs – Far North Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 10.6000° N, 14.3000° E

Benoue Valley Rock Art – North Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 8.6500° N, 13.4000° E

Lagdo Hills Cup-Marked Rocks – North Region
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 9.0000° N, 13.6000° E

Faro Basin Engravings – North Region
Estimated dating: 2000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.3000° N, 13.1000° E

 

6.17 Central African Republic

Birao Rock Art – Vakaga Prefecture
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 10.3000° N, 22.8000° E

Bamingui-Bangoran Engravings – Northern CAR
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.8000° N, 20.5000° E

Bambari Petroglyphs – Ouaka Prefecture
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.7500° N, 20.6660° E

Lengo Rock Carvings – Ouaka Prefecture
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.7000° N, 21.0000° E

Bangassou Rock Art – Mbomou Prefecture
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 4.7500° N, 22.8160° E

Bwale Petroglyphs – Nana-Mambéré Prefecture
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 5.8000° N, 15.1500° E

Toulou Petroglyph Site – Ombella-M’Poko Prefecture
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 4.6000° N, 18.7000° E

Djebel Mela Engravings – Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.1660° N, 21.8000° E

Koumbala Rock Art – Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.9160° N, 21.4160° E

Kongo Boumba and Lindili Sites – Northern Border Region
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.6500° N, 13.9500° E

 

6.18 South Sudan

Kidepo Valley Petroglyphs – Eastern Equatoria State
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 4.6500° N, 33.6500° E

Boma Plateau Engravings – Jonglei State
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.4000° N, 33.9500° E

Homiri Rock Art – Central Equatoria State
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 4.7000° N, 31.4000° E

Yanga Rock Carvings – Central Equatoria State
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 4.8500° N, 31.6000° E

Bandingilo National Park Petroglyphs – Central Equatoria / Jonglei Border
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.0000° N, 32.0000° E

 

6.19 Ethiopia

Dire Dawa Petroglyphs – Dire Dawa Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.5830° N, 41.8660° E

Harar Region Engravings (Laga Oda–Sourré Group) – Harari Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.3000° N, 42.1500° E

Shepe–Chabbé Bas-Relief Carvings – Sidama Region
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 6.6000° N, 38.4160° E

Goda Buticha Rock Art – Somali Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.2500° N, 42.0000° E

Ra Bolo and Adhay Bolo Rock Art – Tigray Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 14.4000° N, 39.7000° E

Tiya Megalithic Field (carved stelae and symbols) – Southern Nations Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 8.4330° N, 38.6000° E

Gedeo Megalithic Zone (Tutofela and Sakaro Sodo) – Southern Nations Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 6.3000° N, 38.2500° E

Lalibela Rock-Hewn Churches – Amhara Region
Estimated dating: 1100 – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 12.0300° N, 39.0500° E

Aksum Obelisk Complex – Tigray Region
Estimated dating: 200 – 400 CE
Coordinates: 14.1300° N, 38.7200° E

Gheralta Mountains Rock-Hewn Churches – Tigray Region
Estimated dating: 400 – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 14.3000° N, 39.0500° E

 

6.20 Eritrea

Qohaito Rock Art – Debub Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.8830° N, 39.4000° E

Adi Alauti Engravings – Debub Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 14.9500° N, 39.3000° E

Iyago Rock Shelter Paintings – Debub Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 14.9200° N, 39.3800° E

Hishmele Rock Paintings – Debub Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 14.8500° N, 39.3500° E

Selum Baati Rock Shelter – Debub Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.8700° N, 39.3200° E

Maelewya Petroglyphs – Debub Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 14.9100° N, 39.3300° E

Mai Nefhi Engravings – Maekel Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 15.2000° N, 38.8500° E

Haikota Rock Art – Gash-Barka Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 15.3500° N, 37.6500° E

Gama Cave Paintings – Gash-Barka Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 15.1000° N, 37.5000° E

Mai Dubburo Engravings – Gash-Barka Region
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 15.0500° N, 37.4500° E

Karura Rock Art – Northern Red Sea Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 17.0000° N, 38.7000° E

Ti’o Engravings – Northern Red Sea Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 15.0000° N, 40.0000° E

Ghala Nefhi Rock Carvings – Maekel Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 15.2500° N, 38.9000° E

 

6.21 Somalia

Laas Gaal Cave Paintings and Engravings – Maroodi Jeex Region
Estimated dating: 9000 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.6000° N, 44.3830° E

Dhambalin Rock Art – Togdheer Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.5000° N, 45.5000° E

Dhaymoole Rock Paintings – Sanaag Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 10.4500° N, 47.1500° E

Dhagah Kureh Rock Shelter Complex – Woqooyi Galbeed Region
Estimated dating: 6000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.6500° N, 44.5000° E

Dhagah Nabi Galay Rock Art Site – Togdheer Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.3000° N, 45.0000° E

Karinhegane Painted Caves – Sanaag Region
Estimated dating: 6500 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 10.9500° N, 47.4500° E

Godka Xararka Inscriptions – Sool Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.8000° N, 47.0000° E

Qubiyaaley Rock Inscriptions – Sool Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.0000° N, 47.2000° E

Hilayom Rock Shelters – Las Khoray District, Sanaag Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 11.0000° N, 48.0000° E

Karin and Dhalanle Rock Art Sites – Las Khoray District, Sanaag Region
Estimated dating: 6000 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 10.9000° N, 48.0500° E

Gacmadheere Cave – Sanaag Region
Estimated dating: 7000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 10.2500° N, 47.3330° E

 

6.22 Kenya

Kakapel Rock Art – Busia County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 0.4500° N, 34.1500° E

Mfangano Island Rock Paintings (Mawanga and Kwitone Shelters) – Homa Bay County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −0.4500° N, 34.0500° E

Chemusari and Mount Elgon Caves – Bungoma County
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 0.9000° N, 34.5500° E

Namoratunga (Engraved Stelae and Petroglyph Field) – Turkana County
Estimated dating: 300 BCE – 300 CE
Coordinates: 2.3000° N, 36.0830° E

Lokori and Kalokol Pillar Sites – Turkana County
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 2.0000° N, 35.9500° E

Manemanya Pillar Petroglyphs – Turkana County
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 2.1000° N, 36.0500° E

Marti Rock Art – Marsabit County
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 2.3500° N, 37.9830° E

Kalacha Rock Art – Marsabit County
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 2.9700° N, 37.9500° E

Lewa Wildlife Conservancy Petroglyphs and Rock Gongs – Meru County
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 0.2500° N, 37.5000° E

Nairobi National Park Rock Paintings (Mokoiyete Valley) – Nairobi County
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −1.4000° N, 36.8500° E

Kisii Soapstone Engravings – Kisii County
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −0.6830° N, 34.7830° E

 

6.23 Uganda

Nyero Rock Paintings and Petroglyphs – Kumi District
Estimated dating: 1250 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 1.6330° N, 33.9000° E

Dolwe Island Rock Art – Lake Victoria, Namayingo District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 0.1830° N, 33.8830° E

Muguruk Hills Cup-Marks – Tororo District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 0.7000° N, 34.1660° E

Nsongezi Rock Shelter – Isingiro District
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −0.9330° N, 30.8330° E

Garama Caves – Kisoro District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −1.3500° N, 29.7000° E

Semwama Hill Caves – Kakumiro District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 0.7830° N, 31.2330° E

Mise Cave – Western Uganda
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 0.8830° N, 31.0500° E

Amabere Ga Nyinamwiru Caves – Fort Portal, Kabarole District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 0.6500° N, 30.2830° E

Bigo bya Mugyenyi Earthworks (with possible rock art) – Sembabule District
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: −0.0500° N, 31.4500° E

Munsa Earthworks – Kibaale District
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 0.7330° N, 31.0000° E

Kibiro Salt Gardens Rock Art – Hoima District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 1.9500° N, 31.0660° E

 

6.24 Tanzania

Kondoa Rock-Art World Heritage Site – Dodoma Region
Estimated dating: 30,000 BCE – 1900 CE
Coordinates: −5.0000° S, 35.8500° E

Amak’hee 4 Cave (Engraved and Painted Figures) – Kondoa Region
Estimated dating: 10,000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −4.7000° S, 35.7500° E

Kolo Rock Art Shelters (Sites 1–3) – Kondoa Region
Estimated dating: 10,000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.7000° S, 35.8500° E

Pahi Rock-Art Site – Kondoa Region
Estimated dating: 8000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −5.1000° S, 35.9000° E

Thawi Rock-Art Site – Kondoa Region
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −4.9500° S, 35.8000° E

Kisese II Rockshelter – Kondoa Region
Estimated dating: 35,000 – 5000 BCE
Coordinates: −4.7000° S, 35.9000° E

Taru Rock Art Paintings – Singida Region
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −4.5000° S, 34.8000° E

Ng’wa Mwango Rock Art – Singida Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −4.6000° S, 34.8500° E

Igwe la Mpula-Ilunda Rock Shelter – Iramba District, Singida Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.5500° S, 34.9000° E

Ikhanoda Rock Art Site – Singida Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.6500° S, 34.9500° E

Ikurungu la Nyakidarama Petroglyphs – Central Tanzania
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.9000° S, 35.0000° E

Ng’ongo ya Isungi Rock Art – Central Tanzania
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −5.1000° S, 35.0500° E

Mwanza Rock Art Sites – Mwanza Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −2.5160° S, 32.9000° E

Musoma Rock Art – Mara Region
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −1.5000° S, 33.8000° E

Muleba Rock Art – Kagera Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −1.9000° S, 31.6500° E

Bukoba Rock Art – Kagera Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −1.3330° S, 31.8000° E

Ngaramtoni Petroglyphs – Arusha Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −3.2830° S, 36.6330° E

 

6.25 Rwanda / Burundi

Rwanda

Musanze Caves Rock Markings – Northern Province (Musanze District)
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −1.5000° S, 29.6000° E

Nyungwe Forest Petroglyphs – Western Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −2.5000° S, 29.2000° E

Akagera Cup-Marked Boulders – Eastern Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −1.9000° S, 30.7000° E

Karongi Lakeshore Engravings (Lake Kivu) – Western Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −2.0500° S, 29.3500° E

Burundi

Kayanza Rock Art – Kayanza Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −3.0160° S, 29.6500° E

Kibira Range Engravings – Bubanza/Kayanza Provinces
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −3.0500° S, 29.4500° E

Rusizi Gorge Cup-Marked Rocks – Bujumbura Rural Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −3.3500° S, 29.2500° E

Karera Falls Shelter Paintings – Rutana Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −3.7500° S, 30.0500° E

 

6.26 Democratic Republic of Congo

Lovo Massif Rock Art – Kongo Central Province
Estimated dating: 1500 CE – 1700 CE (with earlier phases possibly dating to 3000 BCE)
Coordinates: −5.2330° S, 14.3000° E

Nkamba Cave Paintings – Kongo Central Province
Estimated dating: 1400 CE – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −5.2000° S, 14.2500° E

Tovo Decorated Cave – Kongo Central Province
Estimated dating: 1500 CE – 1600 CE
Coordinates: −5.2500° S, 14.3000° E

Ndimbankondo Shelter Engravings – Kongo Central Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −5.2660° S, 14.2000° E

Kwilu River Petroglyphs – Kwilu Province
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −5.0500° S, 18.2330° E

Lukaya River Engravings – Kongo Central Province
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −5.8500° S, 13.3660° E

Katanda Rock Art – Orientale Province
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 0.3000° N, 29.7160° E

Upemba Depression Carvings – Haut-Lomami Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −8.8000° S, 26.5000° E

Kundelungu Plateau Petroglyphs – Haut-Katanga Province
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −10.4160° S, 27.0330° E

Lualaba Basin Rock Art – Lualaba Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −9.0000° S, 26.7000° E

 

6.27 Republic of Congo

Lovo Massif Rock Art – Kongo Central/Niari Border Region
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1700 CE (multi-phase occupation and painting periods)
Coordinates: −5.2500° S, 14.3000° E

Nkamba Cave Paintings – Kongo Central/Niari Region
Estimated dating: 1500 CE – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −5.2000° S, 14.2500° E

Tovo Decorated Shelter – Niari Region
Estimated dating: 1400 CE – 1600 CE
Coordinates: −5.2330° S, 14.3000° E

Niari Valley Engravings – Niari Department
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −4.0000° S, 12.2000° E

Mayombe Forest Petroglyphs – Kouilou Department
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.5000° S, 12.0000° E

Bouenza Plateau Rock Shelters – Bouenza Department
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −4.3000° S, 13.3330° E

Chaillu Mountains Engravings – Lekoumou Department
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −3.7000° S, 13.3000° E

Kouilou Coastal Petroglyphs – Kouilou Department
Estimated dating: 2500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.7500° S, 11.9500° E

 

6.28 Gabon

Elarmekora Petroglyph Field – Ogooué-Ivindo Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −0.5330° S, 11.3830° E

Epona Rock Art Site – Ogooué-Ivindo Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −0.6500° S, 11.3000° E

Kongo Boumba Rock Art Complex – Moyen-Ogooué Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −0.4500° S, 10.9500° E

Lindili Rock Hill Petroglyphs – Moyen-Ogooué Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −0.4800° S, 10.9700° E

Kaya Kaya Fertility Stones – Haut-Ogooué Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −1.6330° S, 13.5830° E

Ogooué River Rock Art – Ngounié Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −1.5000° S, 10.5000° E

Franceville Engravings – Haut-Ogooué Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −1.6330° S, 13.5830° E

Lopé-Okanda Reserve Petroglyph Clusters – Moyen-Ogooué Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −0.5500° S, 11.0000° E

Doumé Rock Symbols – Ogooué-Lolo Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −1.3500° S, 12.4500° E

Makokou Valley Engravings – Ogooué-Ivindo Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 0.5500° N, 12.8830° E

 

6.29 Angola

Tchitundo-Hulo Complex – Namibe Province
Estimated dating: 10,000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.2660° S, 13.2830° E

Tchitundo-Hulo Mulume – Namibe Province
Estimated dating: 8000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.2500° S, 13.2800° E

Tchitundo-Hulo Mucai – Namibe Province
Estimated dating: 8000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.3000° S, 13.3000° E

Pedra das Zebras – Namibe Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.2800° S, 13.2500° E

Pedra da Lagoa – Namibe Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.2700° S, 13.2700° E

Tadi dia Lombo Engravings – Huíla Province
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −14.9330° S, 13.6830° E

Tadi dia Muingu Rock Art – Huíla Province
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −14.8830° S, 13.7000° E

Lovo Petroglyph Field – Huambo Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −12.7160° S, 15.7330° E

Calola Engravings – Cuando Cubango Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.5830° S, 18.0000° E

Bambala Petroglyphs – Cuando Cubango Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.6000° S, 18.0500° E

Capelo Rock Art – Cuando Cubango Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.5500° S, 18.0330° E

Virei Rock Art – Namibe Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.0000° S, 13.0000° E

Caculo Cabaça Engravings – Cuanza Sul Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −10.9000° S, 15.1000° E

Cuangar River Petroglyphs – Cuando Cubango Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −17.4000° S, 18.6500° E

Menongue Plateau Rock Art – Cuando Cubango Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −14.6500° S, 17.7000° E

 

6.30 Zambia

Nachikufu Cave Rock Art – Muchinga Province
Estimated dating: 10,000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −13.0000° S, 30.8000° E

Mwela Rock Paintings and Engravings – Kasama District
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −10.2160° S, 31.2330° E

Kasama Rock Art – Northern Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −10.2000° S, 31.2000° E

Kundabwika Rock Painting – Northern Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −9.6830° S, 30.9000° E

Kalemba Rockshelter – Eastern Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −13.3660° S, 32.7830° E

Leopard’s Hill Cave – Lusaka Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −15.4160° S, 28.5330° E

Nsalu Cave Paintings – Central Province
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −13.0660° S, 30.8330° E

Itimbwe Gorge Caves – Northern Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −8.9000° S, 31.2830° E

Makwe Rock Shelter – Eastern Province
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −13.5830° S, 32.7660° E

Muso Hill Petroglyphs – Central Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −13.2000° S, 31.3000° E

 

6.31 Zimbabwe

Matobo Hills Rock Art – Matabeleland South
Estimated dating: 12,000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −20.5500° S, 28.5000° E

Nswatugi Cave Paintings – Matobo Hills, Matabeleland South
Estimated dating: 10,000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −20.5200° S, 28.5500° E

Bambata Cave Rock Art – Matobo Hills, Matabeleland South
Estimated dating: 9,000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −20.5000° S, 28.5330° E

Inanke Cave Paintings – Matobo Hills, Matabeleland South
Estimated dating: 8,000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −20.5830° S, 28.6170° E

Pomongwe Cave Rock Art – Matabeleland South
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −20.4900° S, 28.5200° E

Maholoholo Cave Paintings – Matobo Region
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −20.4700° S, 28.5800° E

Chinamora Hill Petroglyphs – Mashonaland East
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.6000° S, 31.2000° E

Domboshava Rock Art – Mashonaland East
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.6500° S, 31.1500° E

Chikupo Rock Art Shelter – Mashonaland Central
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −17.4440° S, 31.2890° E

Lake Chivero Rock Art Sites – Mashonaland West
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.9400° S, 30.8300° E

Epworth Balancing Rocks and Petroglyphs – Harare Province
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −17.9000° S, 31.1500° E

Daramombe Rock Paintings – Mashonaland East
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −19.0330° S, 30.9830° E

Macheke Rock Paintings – Mashonaland East
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −18.1660° S, 31.8330° E

Ruchera Cave Paintings – Mashonaland Central
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −17.2000° S, 32.7000° E

Mucheka Cave Paintings – Mashonaland Central
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −17.3000° S, 32.6000° E

 

6.32 Mozambique

Chinhamapere Hill Rock Art – Manica Province
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −19.1160° S, 33.4660° E

Chimoio Petroglyphs – Manica Province
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −19.1000° S, 33.4000° E

Cahora Bassa Rock Art Sites – Tete Province
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −15.5830° S, 32.8000° E

Nhantegwe Rock Shelter Paintings – Tete Province
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.6000° S, 32.8500° E

Gorongosa Cave Engravings – Sofala Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −18.6000° S, 34.0000° E

Cavala Rock Art and Microlithic Sites – Nampula Province
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −15.2500° S, 39.3000° E

Serra Vumba Mountain Rock Shelters – Manica Province
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −19.1500° S, 33.5000° E

 

6.33 Namibia

Twyfelfontein (Ui-Ais) Petroglyphs – Kunene Region
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −20.5500° S, 14.3700° E

Brandberg Mountain Rock Paintings (including “White Lady”) – Erongo Region
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −21.1330° S, 14.5660° E

Erongo Caves and Outcrops – Erongo Region
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −21.5000° S, 15.0000° E

Apollo 11 Cave Rock Paintings – Karas Region
Estimated dating: 25 000 – 20 000 BCE
Coordinates: −27.0000° S, 17.0000° E

Petrified Forest Petroglyphs – Kunene Region
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −20.4000° S, 14.6000° E

Spitzkoppe Rock Art Shelters – Erongo Region
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −21.8330° S, 15.1830° E

 

6.34 Botswana

Tsodilo Hills Rock Art – Ngamiland District
Estimated dating: 25 000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −18.7500° S, 21.7500° E

Gubatshaa Hills Rock Paintings – Chobe District
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −18.5660° S, 24.8830° E

Tuli Block Petroglyphs – Central District
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −22.0000° S, 28.2000° E

Matsieng Footprints and Petroglyph Field – Kgatleng District
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −24.6000° S, 26.0500° E

Manyana Rock Paintings – South-East District
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −24.7000° S, 25.7000° E

Kalakamati Rock Paintings – North-East District
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −21.0000° S, 27.3160° E

Mantenge Well and Rock Paintings – North-East District
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −21.0500° S, 27.2500° E

Kanye Hills Petroglyphs – Southern District
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −24.9830° S, 25.3000° E

Gaborone Region Cup-Marks – South-East District
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −24.6500° S, 25.9000° E

 

6.35 South Africa

Drakensberg Rock Art Complex – KwaZulu-Natal and Lesotho Borders
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −29.6000° S, 29.4000° E

Cederberg Rock Art – Western Cape
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −32.5000° S, 19.0000° E

Wildebeest Kuil Petroglyphs – Northern Cape
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −28.7160° S, 24.7830° E

Wonderwerk Cave Engravings – Northern Cape
Estimated dating: 10 200 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −27.8330° S, 23.5660° E

Blombos Cave (Engraved Ochres and Early Symbols) – Western Cape
Estimated dating: 73 000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −34.5000° S, 21.2000° E

Nelspoort Rock Engravings – Western Cape
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −32.8330° S, 22.0000° E

Bushman Cave Museum Rock Shelters – KwaZulu-Natal (Giant’s Castle Reserve)
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −29.2500° S, 29.4000° E

Twyfelberg Petroglyphs – Northern Cape
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −28.0000° S, 20.0000° E

Matjies River Rock Shelter (Cango Caves Area) – Western Cape
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −33.3830° S, 22.2330° E

 

6.36 Lesotho / Eswatini

Lesotho

Ha Baroana Rock Art – Maseru District
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −29.5500° S, 27.8330° E

Liphofung Cave Paintings – Butha-Buthe District
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −28.8830° S, 28.5000° E

Malealea Rock Shelters – Mafeteng District
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −29.8500° S, 27.4830° E

Ha Kome Cliff Dwellings – Berea District
Estimated dating: 1600 CE – 1900 CE
Coordinates: −29.2660° S, 27.7330° E

Eswatini

Nsangwini Rock Art – Hhohho Region
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −26.0000° S, 31.2330° E

Sandlane Rock Paintings – Manzini Region
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −26.3160° S, 31.0330° E

Nkomo Hill Petroglyphs – Hhohho Region
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −26.0330° S, 31.0830° E

Ntfonjeni Rock Art Sites – Hhohho Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −26.1000° S, 31.1660° E

 

6.37 Madagascar

Anjohibe Cave Engravings – Mahajanga Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −15.5000° S, 46.8000° E

Andriamamelo Cave Paintings – Melaky Region (Beanka Protected Area)
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −18.0000° S, 44.0000° E

Isalo Massif Rock Art and Carvings – Ihorombe Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −22.6000° S, 45.3330° E

Lavanono Caves Rock Art – Androy Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −25.0330° S, 45.2000° E

Mahatiny Cave Paintings – Makay Massif, Menabe Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −21.0000° S, 45.3000° E

Itampolo Petroglyphs – Atsimo-Andrefana Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −24.8000° S, 44.2000° E

Teniky Rock-Cut Terraces and Carvings – Ihorombe Region
Estimated dating: 900 CE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: −22.5160° S, 45.3330° E

 

6.38 Cape Verde / Canary Islands / Other Island Territories

Cape Verde

Santiago Island Cup-Marked Rocks – Sotavento Group
Estimated dating: prehistoric (unverified Atlantic tradition)
Coordinates: 15.1000° N, 23.6000° W

Canary Islands

Cueva de Belmaco Petroglyphs – La Palma
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.6000° N, 17.8000° W

La Zarza and La Zarcita Engravings – Garafía, La Palma
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.8000° N, 17.9500° W

El Julan Petroglyph Field – El Hierro
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 27.7000° N, 18.0500° W

Tindaya Mountain Footprint Petroglyphs – Fuerteventura
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.5000° N, 14.0000° W

Cueva Pintada and Risco Caído Complex – Gran Canaria
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.1500° N, 15.6500° W

Cueva de Cuatro Puertas – Gran Canaria
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 27.9500° N, 15.3830° W

Stone of the Guanches (Piedra de los Guanches) – Tenerife
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.5500° N, 16.2500° W

Risco Blanco Petroglyphs – Santiago del Teide, Tenerife
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 28.2830° N, 16.7660° W

Other Island Territories

Azores Volcanic Cave Markings – São Miguel Island
Estimated dating: protohistoric (unverified, Iron Age–early Atlantic contact)
Coordinates: 37.7500° N, 25.6660° W

Madeira Basalt Engravings – Porto Moniz Region
Estimated dating: prehistoric (unverified Atlantic tradition)
Coordinates: 32.8660° N, 17.1660° W

 

7. Asia

7.1 Russia (Asian Region / Siberia)

Tom River Petroglyphs – Kemerovo Oblast
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.7000° N, 87.2000° E

Kalbak-Tash Rock Art Complex – Altai Republic
Estimated dating: 8000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 50.3200° N, 87.7000° E

Chuy-Oozy Petroglyphs – Altai Republic
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 50.2500° N, 88.0000° E

Chagan River Valley Petroglyphs – Altai Republic
Estimated dating: 800 BCE – 200 BCE
Coordinates: 50.1000° N, 88.5000° E

Pazyryk Culture Carvings – Altai Mountains
Estimated dating: 600 BCE – 300 BCE
Coordinates: 50.2660° N, 88.6000° E

Minusinsk Basin Engravings – Krasnoyarsk Krai
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 53.8000° N, 91.5000° E

Sunduki Rock Complex – Khakassia Republic
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 53.5000° N, 90.5000° E

Oglakhty Petroglyphs – Khakassia Republic
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 53.1830° N, 91.3330° E

Shalabolino Rock Art – Khakassia Republic
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 55.0000° N, 90.0000° E

Sayan Mountains Rock Art – Republic of Tuva
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 51.0000° N, 95.0000° E

Sagan-Zaba Petroglyphs – Lake Baikal, Republic of Buryatia
Estimated dating: 4000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 52.0660° N, 106.1660° E

Bukhta Aya Shamanic Figures – Lake Baikal Region
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 52.3000° N, 105.9000° E

Angara River Rock Art – Irkutsk Oblast
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 53.7000° N, 104.7000° E

Zabaikalsky Krai Petroglyphs – Shilka River Basin
Estimated dating: 4000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 52.0000° N, 118.0000° E

Karakol Polychrome Paintings – Altai Republic
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1500 BCE
Coordinates: 50.5000° N, 86.8000° E

Sikachi-Alyan Basalt Petroglyphs – Khabarovsk Krai, Ussuri Valley
Estimated dating: 5000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 48.4500° N, 135.0000° E

Lena River Rock Art – Yakutia (Sakha Republic)
Estimated dating: 6000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 60.5000° N, 124.0000° E

 

7.2 Kazakhstan

Tamgaly Petroglyphs – Almaty Region (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 43.8000° N, 75.5500° E

Tamgaly-Tas Cliff Engravings – Almaty Region (Ili River)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 44.1160° N, 76.5000° E

Eshkiolmes Petroglyphs – Jetisu Region
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 44.4000° N, 79.5000° E

Arpauzen Petroglyphs – Kyzylorda Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 44.8000° N, 66.4000° E

Kulzhabasy Rock Art Complex – Zhambyl Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 44.2000° N, 72.8000° E

Sauyskandyk Petroglyphs – South Kazakhstan Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 43.8000° N, 69.2000° E

Bayanzhurek Mountains Engravings – Jetisu Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 44.0000° N, 80.0000° E

Akkainar and Zhartas Valley Petroglyphs – Almaty Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 43.9000° N, 77.8000° E

Karasay Gorge Paintings – Taraz Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 43.5000° N, 71.5000° E

Chu-Ili Mountains Petroglyphs – Between Almaty and Zhambyl Regions
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 44.5000° N, 74.0000° E

 

7.3 Mongolia

Tsagaan Salaa and Baga Oigor Valley Petroglyphs – Bayan-Ölgii Province (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 11 000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 49.0000° N, 88.6000° E

Upper Tsagaan Gol (Shiveet Khairkhan) Petroglyphic Complex – Bayan-Ölgii Province
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 49.1000° N, 88.4000° E

Aral Tolgoi Rock Art and Burial Monuments – Bayan-Ölgii Province
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 48.9000° N, 88.8000° E

Khavtsgait Petroglyphs – South Gobi Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 43.7000° N, 103.0000° E

Del Uul Petroglyphs – Govi-Altai Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 45.4000° N, 96.4000° E

Khoit Tsenkher Cave Engravings – Arkhangai Province
Estimated dating: 20 000 – 10 000 BCE
Coordinates: 47.3330° N, 101.5830° E

Taikhar Rock Inscriptions – Arkhangai Province
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 47.2000° N, 101.1000° E

Orkhon Valley Rock Art and Monuments – Övörkhangai Province (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 46.9000° N, 102.9000° E

Burkhan Khaldun Mountain Sacred Carvings – Khentii Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 48.6000° N, 109.0000° E

Uvs Lake Basin Petroglyphs – Uvs Province (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 8000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 49.6000° N, 92.0000° E

Tugrik River Valley Petroglyphs – Bayankhongor Province
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 45.7000° N, 99.5000° E

Ikh Tengeriin Am Rock Art Field – Govi-Altai Province
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 45.3000° N, 95.9000° E

 

7.4 China

Helan Shan Petroglyphs – Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 38.7000° N, 106.0000° E

Damaidi Petroglyphs – Zhongwei, Ningxia
Estimated dating: 12 000 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 37.8000° N, 105.2000° E

Yinchuan Rock Art Park – Ningxia Region
Estimated dating: 6000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 38.4660° N, 106.3000° E

Alashan Plateau Petroglyphs – Inner Mongolia
Estimated dating: 8000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 39.0000° N, 104.0000° E

Chifeng Petroglyphs – Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Estimated dating: 8000 – 7000 BCE
Coordinates: 42.3000° N, 118.9000° E

Kangjia Shimenzi Petroglyphs – Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Estimated dating: 6000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 43.6000° N, 87.3000° E

Lianyungang Rock Engravings – Jiangsu Province
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 34.6000° N, 119.2000° E

Hua’an Rock Engravings – Fujian Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 24.8000° N, 117.9000° E

Dazu Rock Carvings – Chongqing Municipality (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 900 CE – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 29.7000° N, 105.9000° E

Baidicheng Engravings – Sichuan Province
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 31.0500° N, 109.5000° E

Mogao Caves (Thousand Buddha Grottoes) – Gansu Province (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 366 CE – 1400 CE
Coordinates: 40.1330° N, 94.8000° E

Yungang Grottoes – Shanxi Province (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 460 CE – 525 CE
Coordinates: 40.1000° N, 113.1500° E

Longmen Grottoes – Henan Province (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 493 CE – 1127 CE
Coordinates: 34.4660° N, 112.4660° E

Maijishan Grottoes – Gansu Province
Estimated dating: 384 CE – 1350 CE
Coordinates: 34.4000° N, 105.9000° E

Yuchanyan Cave – Hunan Province
Estimated dating: 16 000 – 12 000 BCE
Coordinates: 29.4000° N, 111.4000° E

Xianren Cave – Jiangxi Province
Estimated dating: 20 000 – 10 000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.6000° N, 114.0000° E

 

7.5 Tibet (Autonomous Region)

Ali Rock Art – Ngari Prefecture
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 32.5000° N, 80.1000° E

Rutog Petroglyphs – Ngari Prefecture
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 33.4000° N, 79.7000° E

Rumudong Petroglyph Field – Rutok County, Ngari Prefecture
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 34.0000° N, 79.9000° E

Lurulangkar Petroglyph Site – Rutok County, Ngari Prefecture
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 33.3000° N, 79.6000° E

Dungkar and Piyang Cave Paintings – Ngari Prefecture (Guge Kingdom Complex)
Estimated dating: 700 CE – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 31.0000° N, 79.3000° E

Naglung Valley Petroglyphs – Western Tibet
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 32.2000° N, 81.5000° E

Darkhampa Rock Carvings – Ngari Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 32.7000° N, 80.7000° E

Lhasa Valley Cup-Marks and Engravings – Lhasa Prefecture
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.7000° N, 91.1000° E

Yarlung Valley Petroglyphs – Shannan (Lhoka) Prefecture
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 28.8000° N, 91.5000° E

Ngamring Rock Art – Shigatse Prefecture
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.2000° N, 88.5000° E

 

7.6 India

Bhimbetka Rock Shelters – Madhya Pradesh (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 30 000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 22.9500° N, 77.6000° E

Adamgarh Hill Petroglyphs – Madhya Pradesh
Estimated dating: 10 000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 22.6000° N, 77.9000° E

Edakkal Caves – Kerala State
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 11.6160° N, 76.2330° E

Kupgallu Hill Engravings – Andhra Pradesh
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 17.2330° N, 77.8000° E

Pansaimol Petroglyphs – Goa State
Estimated dating: 8000 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 15.1500° N, 74.2000° E

Maski Rock Engravings – Karnataka State
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 15.9500° N, 76.6500° E

Mirzapur Petroglyphs – Uttar Pradesh
Estimated dating: 8000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 25.2000° N, 82.7000° E

Kupgallu and Piklihal Neolithic Sites – Raichur District, Karnataka
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 16.2500° N, 77.3500° E

Jogimara Cave Paintings – Chhattisgarh State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 200 CE
Coordinates: 23.5000° N, 83.2500° E

Kaimur Hills Petroglyphs – Bihar and Uttar Pradesh Border
Estimated dating: 10 000 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 25.0000° N, 83.0000° E

Bagh Caves Paintings – Madhya Pradesh
Estimated dating: 500 – 700 CE
Coordinates: 22.4000° N, 74.8000° E

Ajanta Caves (Buddhist frescoes and carvings) – Maharashtra (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 200 BCE – 650 CE
Coordinates: 20.5500° N, 75.7000° E

Ellora Caves (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain temples) – Maharashtra (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Estimated dating: 600 – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 20.0160° N, 75.1830° E

Ladakh and Zanskar Petroglyphs – Union Territory of Ladakh
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 34.2000° N, 77.6000° E

Kaimuh Valley Rock Art – Jammu & Kashmir
Estimated dating: 5000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 33.7000° N, 75.1000° E

Kupgallu-Tekkalakota Megaliths – Andhra Pradesh
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 15.4000° N, 77.5000° E

Karikiyoor Petroglyphs – Tamil Nadu
Estimated dating: 6000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 11.5000° N, 77.3000° E

7.7 Pakistan

Chilas I–III Petroglyph Complex – Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 35.4200° N, 74.1000° E

The Sacred Rocks of Hunza (Haldeikish) – Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 36.3000° N, 74.7000° E

Shatial Rock Carvings – Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 35.3000° N, 74.7000° E

Thalpan Petroglyph Site – Diamer District, Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 35.4000° N, 74.2000° E

Khanbari Valley Petroglyphs – Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 35.8000° N, 74.3000° E

Skardu Rock Engravings – Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 35.3000° N, 75.6000° E

Yasin Valley Rock Art – Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 36.5000° N, 73.3000° E

Astor Valley Petroglyphs – Gilgit-Baltistan
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 35.3500° N, 75.0000° E

Swat Valley Buddhist Petroglyphs – Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 35.2000° N, 72.4000° E

Kotah Valley Rock Paintings – Upper Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 35.0000° N, 72.6000° E

Zhob District Petroglyphs – Northern Balochistan
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 31.3000° N, 69.0000° E

Kila Saifullah and Loralai Rock Art – Balochistan
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 30.5000° N, 68.3000° E

Ziarat Rock Engravings – Balochistan
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 30.4000° N, 67.7000° E

Kharan Desert Petroglyphs – Balochistan
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 28.6000° N, 65.4000° E

Khirthar Range Petroglyphs – Sindh Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 26.7000° N, 67.7000° E

Lasbela and Jhal Magsi Rock Engravings – Southern Balochistan
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 26.2000° N, 67.0000° E

Washuk and Khuzdar Petroglyph Fields – Balochistan
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.6000° N, 66.0000° E

 

7.8 Nepal

Mustang Cave Engravings – Gandaki Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 28.9000° N, 83.9000° E

Kak (Kag) Nyimba Petroglyph Field – Lower Mustang Region
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 28.9000° N, 83.7000° E

Samar Rock Carvings – Mustang Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.0000° N, 83.8000° E

Te (Tsuk) Rock Art Site – Mustang Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.0500° N, 83.8500° E

Dhetang Rock Paintings – Shar-ri Region, Upper Mustang
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.2000° N, 83.9500° E

Dolpa Rock Art – Karnali Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.0000° N, 83.0000° E

Tamang Heritage Petroglyphs – Langtang Himalayas, Bagmati Province
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 28.2000° N, 85.4000° E

Morang Petroglyphs – Koshi Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 26.5000° N, 87.5000° E

Manang Valley Rock Art – Gandaki Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 28.7000° N, 84.0000° E

Upper Mustang Cliff Paintings – Lo Manthang Area
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 29.2000° N, 83.9500° E

 

7.9 Bhutan

Wangdue Phodrang Engraved Boulders – Central Bhutan
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 27.5000° N, 89.9000° E

Bumthang Valley Symbols – Bumthang District
Estimated dating: Iron Age to Early Historic
Coordinates: 27.6000° N, 90.7000° E

Paro Valley Petroglyphs – Paro District
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 27.4000° N, 89.4000° E

Haa Valley Rock Carvings – Haa District
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 27.3000° N, 89.3000° E

Kurjey Monastery Cliff Carvings – Bumthang District
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 27.6000° N, 90.7000° E

Trongsa Dzong Cliff Markings – Trongsa District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 27.5000° N, 90.5000° E

Chhume Valley Boulder Inscriptions – Bumthang District
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 27.6000° N, 90.7000° E

Lhuntse Rock Art – Lhuntse District
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 27.7000° N, 91.1000° E

Eastern Bhutan Cave Paintings – Trashigang District
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 27.3000° N, 91.5000° E

7.10 Bangladesh

Sitakunda Hill Engravings – Chittagong Division
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 22.6000° N, 91.6000° E

Rajshahi Petroglyphs – Rajshahi Division
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 24.4000° N, 88.6000° E

7.11 Myanmar (Burma)

Yinmabin Cave Petroglyphs – Sagaing Region
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 21.9000° N, 95.5000° E

Padah-Lin Caves – Shan State
Estimated dating: 13 000 BCE – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 22.9330° N, 96.5670° E

Kyaukse Hill Carvings – Mandalay Region
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 21.6000° N, 96.1500° E

Gabarni Rock Art Shelter – Shan State
Estimated dating: 5000 BCE – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 22.8500° N, 96.4500° E

Phowintaung Cave Complex – Sagaing Region
Estimated dating: 1300 CE – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 22.1000° N, 95.0000° E

Kawgun Cave – Kayin State
Estimated dating: 700 CE – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 16.5160° N, 97.6500° E

Pindaya Cave Sanctuary – Shan State
Estimated dating: 1700 CE – 1900 CE
Coordinates: 20.6660° N, 96.6660° E

 

7.12 Thailand

Phu Phra Bat Historical Park – Udon Thani Province
Estimated dating: 3000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 17.7500° N, 102.6670° E

Pha Taem National Park – Ubon Ratchathani Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 15.3830° N, 105.5170° E

Khao Pla Ra Petroglyphs – Uthai Thani Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 15.5000° N, 99.5000° E

Phi Hua To Cave – Krabi Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.2000° N, 98.7160° E

Tham Ta Duang Rock Paintings – Kanchanaburi Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.0500° N, 99.3000° E

Tham Nok Nang Aen Caves – Kanchanaburi Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.0330° N, 99.4160° E

Khao Nong Phuk Cliff Art – Kanchanaburi Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.0000° N, 99.4000° E

Khao Wang Kula Engravings – Kanchanaburi Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.0660° N, 99.3660° E

Pha Daeng Rock Shelter – Kanchanaburi Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.0160° N, 99.3500° E

Tham Roop Cave Art – Kanchanaburi Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 14.0830° N, 99.3330° E

 

7.13 Laos

Tham Pha Fa Cave Petroglyphs – Khammouane Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 17.5330° N, 104.6330° E

Pha Tad Ke Cave Engravings – Luang Prabang Province
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 19.7000° N, 102.2000° E

Phou Pha Thi Cliff Art – Houaphanh Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 20.3500° N, 104.1500° E

Tham Nang Aen Cave Symbols – Khammouane Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 17.5500° N, 104.8330° E

Hin Namno Karst Rock Shelters – Khammouane Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 17.4000° N, 105.0000° E

Nam Ou River Petroglyphs – Luang Prabang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 20.0000° N, 102.6000° E

 

7.14 Cambodia

Cambodia

Kbal Spean (“River of a Thousand Lingas”) – Siem Reap Province
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1300 CE
Coordinates: 13.6500° N, 104.0000° E

Phnom Kulén Riverbed Reliefs – Siem Reap Province
Estimated dating: 900 – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 13.6000° N, 104.1000° E

Kanam Rock Art Site – Pursat Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.0000° N, 103.5000° E

Veal Veng Rock Paintings – Pursat Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 12.1330° N, 103.3500° E

Cardamom Mountains Cave Paintings – Koh Kong Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 11.7000° N, 103.2000° E

Preah Vihear Cliff Carvings – Preah Vihear Province
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 14.4000° N, 104.7000° E

 

7.15 Vietnam

Sa Pa Petroglyphs – Lào Cai Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 22.3330° N, 103.8500° E

Khuổi Nậm Engravings – Hà Giang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 23.0000° N, 105.0000° E

Dong Nghiep Rock Carvings – Thanh Hóa Province
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 20.0000° N, 105.5000° E

Kho My Cave Paintings – Hà Giang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 23.0500° N, 104.9500° E

Dong Noi Cave Engraving – Hòa Bình Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 20.8000° N, 105.3000° E

Thuong Pho Cave Carvings – Quảng Bình Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 17.7500° N, 106.3500° E

Cúc Phương Cave of Prehistoric Man – Ninh Bình Province
Estimated dating: 12,000 – 7,000 BCE
Coordinates: 20.3000° N, 105.7000° E

7.16 Malaysia

Gua Tambun Rock Art – Perak State
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 4.6000° N, 101.1500° E

Gua Batu Tampurung Engravings – Perak State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 4.4330° N, 101.1500° E

Gua Badak Petroglyphs – Kedah State
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 6.5000° N, 100.4000° E

Gua Toh Semelah Paintings – Perak State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 4.4500° N, 101.1000° E

Niah Painted Cave (Kain Hitam) – Sarawak
Estimated dating: 500 CE – 800 CE
Coordinates: 3.8000° N, 113.7830° E

Gua Sireh Charcoal Drawings – Sarawak
Estimated dating: 1600 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 1.3500° N, 110.2000° E

Lumuyu Rock Carvings – Sabah
Estimated dating: 1000 – 500 CE
Coordinates: 5.0830° N, 115.9830° E

 

7.17 Singapore

Pulau Ubin Petroglyph Site – Pulau Ubin Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 1.4100° N, 103.9700° E

Singapore Stone (Inscribed Boulder Fragment) – Singapore River Mouth
Estimated dating: 10th – 13th century CE
Coordinates: 1.2830° N, 103.8500° E

7.18 Indonesia

Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Caves – East Kalimantan
Estimated dating: 40,000 – 10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 1.0000° N, 117.0000° E

Maros-Pangkep Karst Caves – South Sulawesi
Estimated dating: 40,000 – 10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.0000° S, 119.7500° E

Leang Tedongnge Cave – South Sulawesi
Estimated dating: 45,500 BCE
Coordinates: 5.0500° S, 119.7800° E

Leang Bulu’ Sipong 4 Cave – South Sulawesi
Estimated dating: 44,000 BCE
Coordinates: 4.9500° S, 119.9500° E

Bada Valley Megaliths – Central Sulawesi
Estimated dating: 2000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 1.9000° S, 120.3000° E

Ngalau Runjo Cave – West Sumatra
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 0.4000° S, 100.7000° E

Batu Basurek Carvings – West Sumatra
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 0.2500° S, 100.6500° E

Penatahan Rock Carvings – Bali (Tabanan Regency)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 8.3660° S, 115.1330° E

Papua Cave Paintings – Papua Province
Estimated dating: 30,000 – 10,000 BCE
Coordinates: 4.0000° S, 138.0000° E

 

7.19 Philippines

Angono Petroglyphs – Rizal Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 14.5000° N, 121.1830° E

Alab Petroglyphs – Mountain Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 17.0830° N, 120.9830° E

Anda Caves Engravings – Bohol Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 9.7500° N, 124.5500° E

Peñablanca Petrographs – Cagayan Province
Estimated dating: 1000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 17.7500° N, 121.9000° E

Singnapan Cave Petroglyphs – Palawan Province
Estimated dating: 5000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 8.7000° N, 117.7000° E

Tabon Cave Complex – Palawan Province
Estimated dating: 24,000 – 5,000 BCE
Coordinates: 9.2830° N, 118.0830° E

Boloboc Rockshelter – Tawi-Tawi Province
Estimated dating: 8000 – 3000 BCE
Coordinates: 5.1830° N, 120.0160° E

 

7.20 Japan

Fugoppe Cave Petroglyphs – Yoichi, Hokkaido
Estimated dating: 100 BCE – 700 CE
Coordinates: 43.2000° N, 140.8500° E

Temiya Cave Petroglyphs – Otaru, Hokkaido
Estimated dating: 400 – 600 CE
Coordinates: 43.2121° N, 141.0031° E

Togariishi Jōmon Petroglyphs – Nagano Prefecture
Estimated dating: 2500 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 36.0330° N, 138.0830° E

Kamikuroiwa Rock Art – Ehime Prefecture
Estimated dating: 10 000 – 2000 BCE
Coordinates: 33.6000° N, 132.9000° E

Ishibutai Kofun Carved Slabs – Nara Prefecture
Estimated dating: 500 – 700 CE
Coordinates: 34.4670° N, 135.7830° E

Usuki Stone Buddhas (Magaibutsu) – Ōita Prefecture
Estimated dating: 1100 – 1200 CE
Coordinates: 33.1230° N, 131.8050° E

Kumano Magaibutsu – Usa, Ōita Prefecture
Estimated dating: 12th century CE
Coordinates: 33.5220° N, 131.3760° E

Masuda-no-Iwafune Megalith – Asuka, Nara Prefecture
Estimated dating: 7th century CE
Coordinates: 34.4800° N, 135.8000° E

Ōya-ji Temple Cliff Carvings (Magaibutsu) – Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture
Estimated dating: 9th – 12th century CE
Coordinates: 36.6400° N, 139.7900° E

 

7.21 North Korea

Petroglyphs along the Bangucheon Stream – Ulju District, Ulsan (UNESCO World Heritage, 2025)
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 35.5500° N, 129.2000° E

Daegok-ri Petroglyph Site – Ulju District, Ulsan
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 35.5560° N, 129.2020° E

Cheonjeon-ri Petroglyph Site – Ulju District, Ulsan
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.5600° N, 129.2100° E

Sopohang Petroglyphs – South Hamgyong Province, North Korea
Estimated dating: 3000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 39.9000° N, 127.7000° E

Sukpohang Rock Engravings – South Hamgyong Province, North Korea
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 39.8000° N, 127.6000° E

 

7.22 South Korea

Bangucheon Stream Petroglyphs (UNESCO World Heritage, 2025) – Ulju District, Ulsan
Estimated dating: 7000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 35.5750° N, 129.1640° E

Daegok-ri Petroglyphs – Ulju District, Ulsan
Estimated dating: 7000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: 35.5750° N, 129.1640° E

Cheonjeon-ri Petroglyphs – Ulju District, Ulsan
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 300 CE
Coordinates: 35.5530° N, 129.1440° E

Yangjeon-ri Engravings – Goryeong, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.7500° N, 128.2660° E

Anhwa-ri Petroglyphs – Goryeong, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.7330° N, 128.2830° E

Chilpo-ri Petroglyphs – Yeongil, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 36.1500° N, 129.4000° E

Boseong-ri Petroglyphs – Yeongcheon, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.9500° N, 128.9330° E

Gaheung-ri Petroglyphs – Yeongju, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 36.8830° N, 128.6000° E

Ansim-ri Petroglyphs – Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.8660° N, 129.2160° E

Seokjang-dong Petroglyphs – Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.8500° N, 129.2000° E

Daegok-ri Petroglyphs (Namwon) – North Jeolla Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 35.4160° N, 127.3830° E

 

7.23 Taiwan

Wanshan Rock Carvings – Maolin District, Kaohsiung
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 22.8660° N, 120.6830° E

Huagangshan Petroglyphs – Taitung County
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 22.8330° N, 121.1500° E

Orchid Island Engravings – Taitung County
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 22.0000° N, 121.5500° E

 

7.24 Sri Lanka

Ma Oya Valley Petroglyphs – North Western and Sabaragamuwa Provinces
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 7.3000° N, 80.3000° E

Budugala Petroglyphs – Sabaragamuwa Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 6.6000° N, 80.7500° E

Wettambugala Rock Art – Central Province
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 7.5000° N, 80.7000° E

Dambulla Cave Temples (early petroglyph phase) – Central Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 100 CE
Coordinates: 7.8700° N, 80.6500° E

Pulligoda Engravings – Eastern Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.7000° N, 81.4000° E

Dimbulagala Rock Art – North Central Province
Estimated dating: 1500 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: 7.8830° N, 81.1500° E

Panama Rock Shelter Paintings – Eastern Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 6.8000° N, 81.8000° E

 

8. Oceania & Pacific

8.1 Australia

Murujuga (Burrup Peninsula) Petroglyphs – Western Australia
Estimated dating: 40 000 – 5 000 BCE
Coordinates: −20.6000° S, 116.8500° E

Kimberley Rock Art Complex – Western Australia
Estimated dating: 40 000 – 1 000 BCE
Coordinates: −16.5000° S, 125.8000° E

Kakadu National Park Rock Art – Northern Territory
Estimated dating: 40 000 BCE – 1 000 CE
Coordinates: −12.7000° S, 132.8000° E

Ubirr and Nourlangie Shelters – Northern Territory
Estimated dating: 20 000 BCE – 1 000 CE
Coordinates: −12.5500° S, 132.9500° E

Nitmiluk Gorge Rock Art – Northern Territory
Estimated dating: 30 000 – 1 000 BCE
Coordinates: −14.3000° S, 132.4000° E

Arnhem Land Rock Shelters – Northern Territory
Estimated dating: 35 000 – 1 000 BCE
Coordinates: −12.0000° S, 134.0000° E

Uluru-Kata Tjuta Rock Art Sites – Northern Territory
Estimated dating: 10 000 BCE – 1 000 CE
Coordinates: −25.3500° S, 131.0330° E

Quinkan Reserves – Queensland (Cape York)
Estimated dating: 25 000 BCE – 1 000 CE
Coordinates: −15.3000° S, 144.9000° E

Carnarvon Gorge Rock Art – Queensland
Estimated dating: 8 000 – 1 000 BCE
Coordinates: −25.0000° S, 148.2500° E

Grampians (Gariwerd) Rock Art – Victoria
Estimated dating: 20 000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −37.2500° S, 142.3500° E

Ku-ring-gai Chase Petroglyphs – New South Wales
Estimated dating: 6 000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −33.6000° S, 151.2500° E

Blue Mountains Rock Art – New South Wales
Estimated dating: 10 000 – 1 000 BCE
Coordinates: −33.7000° S, 150.3000° E

Preminghana Petroglyphs – Tasmania
Estimated dating: 10 000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −40.8000° S, 145.0000° E

 

8.2 New Zealand

Kauae Paraoa (Whale Jaw) Petroglyphs – Northland Region
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −35.8000° S, 174.3000° E

Maerewhenua Rock Art – Otago Region
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −44.8000° S, 170.5000° E

Takiroa Shelter – Waitaki District
Estimated dating: 1400 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −44.7000° S, 170.4000° E

Te Manunui Rock Art Site – Canterbury Region
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −44.4000° S, 171.0000° E

Ōpihi River Rock Art Sites – South Canterbury
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: −44.2000° S, 171.1000° E

Whiritoa North Cave Petroglyphs – Waikato Region
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −37.2330° S, 175.9000° E

 

8.3 Papua New Guinea

Kalam Karst Petroglyphs – Madang Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −5.9000° S, 145.1000° E

Kundumbul Cave Engravings – Western Highlands Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −5.7000° S, 144.2000° E

Kaironk Valley Rock Art – Madang Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −5.5000° S, 145.0000° E

Yombon Cave Paintings – West New Britain Province
Estimated dating: 4000 – 1000 BCE
Coordinates: −5.8000° S, 150.5000° E

Kalamung Rock Shelter – East Sepik Province
Estimated dating: 3000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −4.4000° S, 143.5000° E

Omaura Rock Paintings – Eastern Highlands Province
Estimated dating: 2000 – 500 BCE
Coordinates: −6.2000° S, 145.4000° E

 

8.4 Solomon Islands

Guadalcanal Rock Carvings – Guadalcanal Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −9.6000° S, 160.2000° E

Rennell Island Petroglyphs – Rennell and Bellona Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −11.6500° S, 160.2500° E

Malaita Rock Art Sites – Malaita Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −8.9000° S, 160.8000° E

Santa Isabel Petroglyphs – Isabel Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −8.0000° S, 159.0000° E

Choiseul Island Cave Engravings – Choiseul Province
Estimated dating: 1500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −7.0000° S, 157.0000° E

 

8.5 Fiji

Vatulele Island Petroglyphs – Western Division
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −18.5000° S, 177.6000° E

Navatu Hill Engravings – Ba Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.5500° S, 177.6500° E

Ndakunimba Stone Carvings – Vanua Levu (Cakaudrove Province)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −16.5330° S, 179.8830° E

Tatuba Cave Carvings – Viti Levu (Nadroga-Navosa Province)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.9830° S, 177.6330° E

Sawa-i-Lau Cave Petroglyphs – Yasawa Islands
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −16.8000° S, 177.5660° E

Vatu Vola Rock Carvings – Moturiki Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.7330° S, 178.7830° E

 

8.6 Tonga

ʻEua Island Petroglyphs – Tongatapu Group
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −21.4000° S, 174.9500° W

Haʻamonga ʻa Maui Engraved Stones – Tongatapu
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: −21.1330° S, 175.0000° W

Houmaleʻeia Beach Carvings – Haʻapai Group (Foa Island)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −19.7330° S, 174.3330° W

Lapaha Royal Stone Platforms – Tongatapu
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1600 CE
Coordinates: −21.1500° S, 175.0000° W

Heketā Stone Enclosures – Tongatapu
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: −21.1330° S, 174.9330° W

Pouono Petroglyph Site – Vavaʻu Group
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −18.6500° S, 173.9830° W

 

8.7 Samoa / American Samoa

Pulemelei Mound Engravings – Savaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −13.7330° S, 172.3330° W

Tataga-Matau Stone Quarry Petroglyphs – Tutuila Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −14.3330° S, 170.7000° W

Falefa Bay Rock Carvings – Upolu Island
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −13.8830° S, 171.6000° W

Vaipouli Petroglyphs – Savaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −13.5500° S, 172.6330° E

 

8.8 Vanuatu

Aneityum Island Petroglyphs – Tafea Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −20.2330° S, 169.7830° E

Malakula Island Rock Art – Malampa Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −16.3000° S, 167.5000° E

Nagesga 9 (“Sun Stone”) Engravings – Tanna Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −19.5000° S, 169.3330° E

Inmohoc (“Moon Stone”) Petroglyphs – Tanna Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −19.5000° S, 169.3330° E

Lelepa Island Cave Paintings – Shefa Province
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −17.5830° S, 168.1330° E

Espiritu Santo Petroglyph Fields – Sanma Province
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: −15.5000° S, 167.2000° E

 

8.9 Micronesia

Pohnpei Petroglyph Sites – Federated States of Micronesia
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 6.8830° N, 158.1500° E

Kosrae Island Engravings – Kosrae State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 5.3330° N, 163.0000° E

Gadao’s Cave Paintings – Guam (Inalåhan)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.2660° N, 144.7330° E

Ritidian Cave Petroglyphs – Guam (Yigo)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.6590° N, 144.8670° E

Kalabera Cave Engravings – Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands)
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 15.2230° N, 145.7850° E

Unai Dangkulu Petroglyphs – Tinian Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 15.0000° N, 145.6330° E

Liyang Chugai Carvings – Rota Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 14.1500° N, 145.2000° E

Obakelderaol Petroglyph Site – Palau (Babeldaob Island)
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.5000° N, 134.6000° E

Ulong Rock Paintings – Rock Islands, Palau
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.2500° N, 134.3500° E

Taberrakl Marine Cliff Art – Rock Islands, Palau
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.2000° N, 134.3500° E

 

8.10 Palau

Babeldaob Island Rock Art – Ngardmau State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 7.6000° N, 134.5500° E

Obakelderaol Petroglyphs – Ngaraard State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.6000° N, 134.6300° E

Ii ra Ngebesek Rock Shelter – Ngeremlengui State
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.5000° N, 134.5200° E

Ulong Island Cave Paintings – Rock Islands Southern Lagoon
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.2500° N, 134.3500° E

Taberrakl Cliff Paintings – Rock Islands Southern Lagoon
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.2000° N, 134.3500° E

Rael Miich Marine Notch Paintings – Ngerngellecheluu Island
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.1830° N, 134.3830° E

Olechukl Ears Ulong Cave Art – Rock Islands
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 7.2400° N, 134.3600° E

8.11 Kiribati

Banaba Island Petroglyphs – Western Kiribati
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −0.8700° S, 169.5300° E

Tarawa Spirit Stone Sites – North Tarawa
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 500 CE
Coordinates: 1.5500° N, 173.0000° E

Makin Island Sacred Rock Formations – Gilbert Islands
Estimated dating: Oral tradition (cultural heritage)
Coordinates: 3.3830° N, 172.9830° E

Te Bangabanga Cave System – Banaba Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE (legendary context)
Coordinates: −0.8700° S, 169.5300° E

8.12 Nauru

Command Ridge Petroglyphs – Aiwo District
Estimated dating: prehistoric (undated)
Coordinates: −0.5330° S, 166.9330° E

8.13 Tuvalu

Nanumea Island Engravings – Northern Tuvalu
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: −5.6660° S, 176.1330° E

Nanumanga Fire Caves – Nanumanga Atoll
Estimated dating: 8000 – 4000 BCE (submerged prehistoric habitation site)
Coordinates: −6.2830° S, 176.3170° E

Te Faleatua Ritual Stone – Nukulaelae Atoll
Estimated dating: Pre-Christian cultural era (1000 BCE – 500 CE)
Coordinates: −9.3830° S, 179.8330° E

8.14 Guam

Gadao’s Cave Pictographs – Inarajan
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.2700° N, 144.7400° E

Mahlac Pictograph Cave – Southern Mountains
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.3000° N, 144.7300° E

Ritidian Caves (Star Cave) – Northern Guam
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.6500° N, 144.8500° E

Latte Stone Park Petroglyphs – Hagåtña District
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 13.4750° N, 144.7500° E

Inarajan Pools Rock Art – Southern Guam
Estimated dating: 500 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 13.2700° N, 144.7400° E

 

8.15 Northern Mariana Islands

Chugai’ Pictograph Cave – Rota Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 14.1500° N, 145.2000° E

Unai Dangkulo Petroglyph Site – Tinian Island
Estimated dating: 1000 BCE – 1000 CE
Coordinates: 15.0000° N, 145.6000° E

House of Taga Petroglyphs – Tinian Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 15.0000° N, 145.6000° E

Rota Latte Quarry (megalithic site) – Rota Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1500 CE
Coordinates: 14.1500° N, 145.2000° E

 

8.16 Easter Island (Rapa Nui)

Orongo Petroglyph Complex – Rano Kau Crater
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −27.1610° S, −109.4510° W

Papa Vaka Petroglyphs – Anakena Region
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −27.0850° S, −109.3180° W

Ana Kai Tangata Painted Cave – Southwest Coast
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −27.1600° S, −109.4400° W

Ahu Te Pito Kura and Vaihu Carvings – Eastern Coastal Sites
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −27.1160° S, −109.3000° W

Pu o Hiro Trumpet Stone – Northern Coast
Estimated dating: 1200 – 1700 CE
Coordinates: −27.0900° S, −109.2900° W

 

8.17 Hawaii (U.S.)

Puʻuloa Petroglyph Field – Hawaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 19.1500° N, 155.5000° W

Puakō Petroglyph Archaeological Preserve – Hawaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 19.9830° N, 155.8330° W

Waikōloa Petroglyph Preserve – Hawaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 19.9250° N, 155.8830° W

Kaloko-Honokōhau Petroglyph Sites – Hawaiʻi Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 19.7000° N, 156.0000° W

Olowalu Petroglyphs – Maui Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 20.8000° N, 156.6000° W

Waianae Coast Sandstone Carvings – Oʻahu Island
Estimated dating: 1000 – 1800 CE
Coordinates: 21.4500° N, 158.2000° W

 

9. Polar & Miscellaneous Territories

9.1 Antarctica

Queen Maud Land Rock Engravings (Unverified Geological Features) – Wohlthat Mountains
Estimated dating: Natural formations (no confirmed human petroglyphs)
Coordinates: −72.0000° S, 11.0000° E

Schirmacher Oasis Rock Markings – Princess Astrid Coast
Estimated dating: Modern expedition graffiti (20th century), no prehistoric evidence
Coordinates: −70.7500° S, 11.3500° E

Vestfold Hills Engraved Rocks – Princess Elizabeth Land
Estimated dating: 19th–20th century exploration era; no prehistoric phase known
Coordinates: −68.6000° S, 78.0000° E

Summary:
No verified prehistoric or ancient petroglyphs have been recorded in continental Antarctica. All
known engravings are either natural striations or modern carvings by explorers and researchers.

9.2 Arctic Islands (Svalbard, Jan Mayen, Franz Josef Land, and others)

Svalbard (Norway)

Isfjorden Coastal Carvings (possibly Norse or Pomor inscriptions) – Spitsbergen Island
Estimated dating: 800–1800 CE
Coordinates: 78.3000° N, 15.6000° E

Magdalenefjorden Rock Markings – Northwestern Spitsbergen
Estimated dating: 1600–1800 CE (whaler carvings)
Coordinates: 79.5500° N, 11.0500° E

Franz Josef Land (Russia)

Nagurskoye Rock Markings – Alexandra Land
Estimated dating: 19th–20th century expeditionary period
Coordinates: 80.7830° N, 47.5000° E

Jan Mayen (Norway)

Beerenberg Base Rock Marks – Beerenberg Volcano Region
Estimated dating: 1600–1900 CE (whaling / naval inscriptions)
Coordinates: 71.0830° N, 8.2000° W

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Authors Note

As you can see, this has been quite the undertaken. I compiled the list as I went, so please excuse the odd region numbering. This is only my first stage of my Global Petroglyph Project, but like much of my work, if I need this, others that blaze the trail can probably benefit from my footwork. I hope this extensive Catalog aids your journey, and you can also help decode the shared knowledge of the Ancients.

Love & Light to All,
Phil Williams

We can’t know where we’re going, if we don’t understand where we come from…